-
OK, so we've got UV light here, and let's see what we can see, and we lose electrons, if that's what's happening.
好了，我们已经有了紫外光源，让我们来看看能观察到什么，如果那些事情发生了，我们将会失去电子。
-
it's in thinking critically and applying the ideas that you get from reading that... really make it valuable.
学习文学能锻炼我们的批判性思维，我们还能将文学中体现的思想应用到现实生活中。这才是文学的价值所在。
-
As we've been talking about, I think we have a strong obligation to save life where we can do so.
就像我们一直所讲的，我想我们,有责任尽我们所能来拯救生命。
-
I can take you and immediately start designing batteries, because we need ions in motion, we need small ions in motion.
我可以从此让你快速起步设计电池，因为我们需要能运动的离子，我们需要能运动的小型离子。
-
So, it looks like this is good, because we'll have some separation in terms of not everyone's going to get 100% in terms of recitations here, which is what we're going for.
这看起来挺好的，因为我们总会有些分别,不是每个人都能百分之百做对所有习题%,而让每个人都能做对正是我们所追求的。
-
It's a way of breaking the code up into modules. Modules that makes sense on their own. Modules that we can reuse in multiple places. Modules that, if you like, Isolate components of the process.
能将代码分解为模块,模块能够独自运作,我们能在很多地方再利用这些模块,如果你喜欢的话，模块可以被看作是过程独立的组成部分。
-
It's an everyday occurrence that we can think and reason and feel and be creative, or choose otherwise and have free will.
我们能思考推理,感知创造,或能做出不同的选择,拥有自由意志,都是每天存在的事
-
Well our family has taught us, our culture has taught us, but the food industry has taught us too what's food and what's not food.
我们的家人教育我们,我们的文化教育我们,但是食品行业也在诱导我们,哪些能吃哪些不能吃
-
Therefore, what we have done now is, we can take all kinds of springs and we can calibrate the force they will exert under various conditions.
因此,我们现在能做到的就是,我们能处理各种各样的弹簧,我们能测出它们在不同的情况下,产生的力的大小
-
Change often signals danger or opportunity and if we are especially tuned-in to change, it helps us survive ? and it helps us pass along our genes. Okay?
变化通常意味着危险和机遇,如果我们能调整适应变化，我们生存能力更强,并且能传递我们的基因，是不是？
-
That is, in real life, the variables that you'd normally control aren't some combination of entropy and these variables, but really their temperature, volume and pressure, any couple of those, might be what you'd really have under experimental control.
在生活中，我们所能控制的,不是熵和其他变量的组合，而是温度，体积，压强，以及其中的两两组合,这些才是试验中所能控制的。
-
Now, you can bet when these folks came and consulted the priest and could you please put us down on the list, we want to consult the oracle, the priest said sure have a beer, let's talk about your hometown, what's going on out there.
你能想到,当人们到此请示神谕,会对祭司说,您能把我们的名字写在表里吗,我们想询问神谕,祭司说有啤酒就行,我们先说说你的家乡,那儿发生了什么事
-
Now the question is "how does it expand" and "why is it so difficult for us to understand, accept, assimilate and live according to the fact that we can make a difference, if we understand that what we need to understand is how change happens.
问题是“它如何扩大“,以及为什么我们难以理解，我们能够做出改变这个事实,并接受，被同化以及据此生活，如果我们能了解我们需要理解的,是改变如何发生。
-
The other way that they define - or find stem cells is that over the years of studying them we've begun to recognize some of the proteins, the specific proteins that are produced by these characteristic cells.
而另外一种能让研究人员定位,或者找到干细胞的方法就是,多年研究后,我们开始能识别一些蛋白,这些特定的蛋白是由,这种特殊的细胞生成的
-
So the instinct of many cabinet officers and other senior officials is "Boy, when we take this to the president, let's see if we can reach some sort of 4 compromise, you know, you say 2, I say 4, let's just go tell the president 3 that we've agreed on 3."
所以许多内阁官员,还有其他高层的领导人的本能都是，我们把这个给总统处理之前，先看看我们能不能各自让步,比如你说2，我说，我们就告诉总统,我们都同意“
-
Aristotle's political science presupposes in other words a certain conception of human beings as linguistic animals who are capable not only of living together -so do a range of other species -but rather sharing in the arrangements of rule.
亚里士多德的政治科学,预设一种特定的概念,即人类是能言语的动物,我们不只能生活在一起,像其它很多动物一般,还能共享规范的安排。
-
So leadership is kind of a big word that you see written probably too often these days, in too many newspaper articles, and it probably comes up in too many Yale classes, and I don't claim to know anything about leadership.
领导力这个大词,最近一直都很火啊,我们经常能在报章中看到它,在耶鲁大学的课堂里也能经常听到,我不敢说对领导力有多么深刻的见解
-
But look at the lattice energy, the Madelung energy component is huge which tells you that when ions form they really want to continue to glom onto one another and form that giant crystal.
看看晶格能，马德龙能很大,这告诉我们，当形成离子是,它们如果要继续的话,需要从另外一方夺取电子，形成巨大的晶体。
-
The question is not so much how we control what happens to us but what do we do when we were faced difficult circumstances, and how we can make spiritual meaning even when difficult things happen to us.
问题不是我们能够掌控多少,而是当我们面对困境,能做些什么，我们怎样体现灵性的意义,即便我们面临困境。
-
If we can do that, we'll end up with a symmetric nonpolar molecule.
如果我们能这样做，我们就能得到那些对称非极性的分子。
-
So, let's change our graph where we now have this zero point set as the two individuals hydrogen atoms, and then we see that our h 2 molecule is at the negative of the dissociation energy, or the negative what that bond strength is.
那么让我们把曲线图中的零点能改到,两个分离的氢原子处，那我们就会看到,氢分子就是负的离解能，或者负的键的强度。
-
If you're stuck, if you're struggling, if you're not certain about something, please ask. We're not mind readers, we can't tell when you're struggling, other than sort of seeing the expression on your face, we need your help in identifying that.
如果你很差，如果你很纠结，如果你不确定某件事情，请问我们，我们不会读心术，我们没法儿看出来你们很纠结，除非能从你们的面部表情看出来，我们需要你们在这件事儿上的配合。
-
So, then we go to thermodynamics and chemical equilibrium, and this is really about chemical reactions -- weather a reaction will go, will it be spontaneous, if there an equilibrium, what direction will the reaction be shifted in.
然后我们要讲到热力学和化学平衡,这都和化学反应有关，一个反应是否能发生,是不是能自发反应，如果存在化学平衡，它会朝什么方向移动。
-
Once you can take one derivative, you can take any number of derivatives and the derivative of the velocity is called the acceleration, and we write it as the second derivative of position.
只要你能求一阶导数,你就能求任意阶的导数,速度的导数被称为"加速度",我们把它写成位移的二阶导数
-
So, we were talking, however, about energy in terms of electron affinity, so we can actually relate electron affinity to any reaction by saying if we have this reaction written as here where we're gaining an electron, we say that electron affinity is just equal to the negative of that change in energy.
但是，我们现在讨论的能量,是电子亲和能，因，此我们可以将电子亲和能,与任何反应联系起来,只要我们将反应写成这种得到电子的形式，我们说电子亲和能就等于,反应前后能量变化的负值。
-
We'll talk about whether food can promote health; of course it can if done right, and we'll talk about the specific properties of food that promote good health and what can be done to increase the opportunity of food to improve the public's health in a national and international way.
我们将讨论食物是否能促进健康,当然,适当的饮食能促进健康,我们还将讨论健康食品的特殊性质,以及我们如何,通过食物来提高,全国乃至全世界公众的健康水平
-
On the other hand, if somebody says, "Somebody call the police," well, I got things to do and so diffusion of responsibility explains both when we're willing to do terrible things and also when we're willing to help people who are in trouble.
但是如果有人叫，“来人，快报警”,“我有事要忙”,责任分散,既能解释我们在什么情况下会干坏事,也能解释我们在什么情况下会帮别人。
-
And the reason I was able to do that and keep with what my original intentions were was to have a career that was the fulfilling, in terms of helping people and being engaged in science, is all of a sudden I realized, as chemists, we can think about better ways to build molecules that are important for making medications.
我能够这么做,并且能不和我原来的打算冲突,是因为我的职业很有意义，能帮助他人，又和科学相关,于是突然我意思到，作为一个化学家,我们可以思考出更好的办法,制造出在制药方面十分有用的分子。
-
So let's look at another example, Li2 let's take lithium 2 and see what we can figure out here. In lithium 2, we have two atoms of lithium, each have three electrons in them.
让我们看另外一个例子，我们看一看,看我们能得到什么，在Li2中，我们有两个Li原子，每个带有3个电子。
应用推荐