Speech is the way in which we appropriate, deploy and make use of language, and Saussure calls that "parole."

话语是我们使用语言，分配部署语言的结果，索绪尔叫它，个人语言“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

Soon we'll know. First of all, we'd better say, as is already clear from what we've been quoting, language is not quite Saussurian.

我们很快就会知道，首先，从引文中很容易看出，语言不是索绪尔式的。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

So: the great civilizations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and the area we refer to as the Fertile Crescent, of which a little part here about the size of Rhode Island is Canaan.

古埃及，美索不达米亚地区,我们称之为新月沃地，这里的这一小部分,跟罗德州岛差不多大的是迦南。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

The polis is not merely a city state in the same way as,let us say, the Mesopotamian city states of the third millennium B.C. Were.

那就是城邦不仅仅是一座城市,并不是像,我们说的公元前三千年的,美索不达米亚的城市

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

The existence of that play shows to all of us just how seriously Socrates was taken by the greatest of his contemporaries and Aristophanes was along with Sophocles and Euripides and others among the greatest of the Greek playwrights.

这剧本的存在让我们所有人了解到,当代大师有多看重苏格拉底,包括亚里斯多芬尼斯,还有索夫克里斯,尤里庇狄思等大家,及其它伟大的希腊剧作家。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

Here's where I come back to that example that I already gave you with a question mark next to it when I was talking about Saussure.

我这就要再讲一下我已经讲过的例子,就是我们讲索绪尔时讲到的那个存疑的例子。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

What is a sign? Saussure's famous diagrams make it clear enough.

符号是什么，让我们来看看索绪尔有名的图标。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

We have to try to figure out what Saussure is up to.

我们现在来讨论索绪尔。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

We'll do all this next time before we get into Saussure.

我们会在下次讲索绪尔之前讲到这点。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

I don't know it positively. I'm about to give an example of this which I hope will flesh out what I'm trying to get across; let's look at a couple of passages in Saussure that may make the point.

不能主动地认识,更具体地举例来说;,我们来看看索绪尔是怎么论述这一点的。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

We find Egyptian things in Mycenae and vice versa, and also presumably, much of it must have gone into Mesopotamia; some of it went all the way to the Western Mediterranean.

我们在迈锡尼城中发现了来自埃及的物品,反之亦然,由此推测,很多迈锡尼物品也散播到了美索不达米亚,其中一些出现在西地中海

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

The real sort of typical home of the kinds of things were talking about is Mesopotamia, modern Iraq, the Tigress, Euphrates Valley, which spread out beyond Iraq and went up into Syria and neighboring places.

我们所讨论的这些旧文明中的典型大约,起源于美索不达米亚,即现在的伊拉克,在底格里斯河,幼发拉底河流域,其范围超过了伊拉克,还包括叙利亚以及邻近地区

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选