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We've looked at Milton's earliest poem, or what Milton wants us to think of as his earliest poem, from a couple of different perspectives.
我们已经看了弥尔顿最早期的诗歌，或者说弥尔顿希望我们认为是他最早的诗，从一些不同的角度。
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Gadamer believes that historicism forgets the possibility of being taught something by past-ness or otherness.
伽达默尔认为历史主义忘记了,我们会从过去性和他性中学到一些东西的可能性。
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But in our collective cultural consciousness, if there is a such thing, whether we like him or not we tend to think of John Milton as powerful.
如果说我们有一种集体文化意识的话，在这个意识里，不管我们喜不喜欢米尔顿，我们都会认为他是强大的。
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The difficulty with reading Machiavelli today is that we all think we already know what he knows and that is false.
今日阅读马奇亚维利的困难点,在于我们都认为我们早已知道,他所知道的东西，但那并不正确。
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Maybe what we should say is he thinks he remembers the experience of being crowned emperor, but it's a fake memory.
或许我们应该说，他自认为拥有那段经历，但那是虚假的记忆。
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So he stays with the idea that our de facto actual empirical desires are the only basis for moral judgment.
所以他始终认为,我们的实际欲望是道德判断的唯一基础。
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G P Thompson And it turns out that G.P. Thompson, and I'm sure this wasn't the case, but I like to think of it as a little bit of child rebelling against the father.
结果是他的儿子，我确定不是那种情况，但是我们认为他在小时候,对他的父亲可能有一点叛逆。
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Now I take it the dissertation can be read without knowing that, and the science is fine.
我认为我们在读他的论文是,在不知道他信仰时，他研究的科学并无不妥。
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I took those same references the exact opposite way, 'cause I thought that essentially he's referring to the temporality of our moral structure, and how it's just this arbitrary code which our society has decided upon.
我对那些参考的理解完全不同，因为我认为本质上他提到了我们道德基准的暂时性,还提到它们如何只是我们社会,随意决定的准则。
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I think that's the real thing we should talk about, not the size of his penthouse.
我认为这才是我们需要谈论的,而不是他的顶层套房有多大
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What he proposes is that we have become so precise about nutrients, and so concerned about the things that are in food, we've lost sense of what food is.
他认为我们越来越关注营养,关注存在于食物当中的物质,却忽略了食物本身
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And he argued that we act so as to reduce dissonance.
他认为我们会通过某种行为来减少失调。
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I think the picture he paints of farming reminds us of the picture that Homer pays of human condition as explained in the pot-- the two jars of Zeus.
我认为他构建的这幅农业图景,让我们回想起荷马买到的,刻有人之本质画面的,两口宙斯的陶罐
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Jonas Salk, who probably you've heard the name, was a physician who, at the time thought, "Well if we can make large quantities of this virus then perhaps we can make it into a vaccine."
乔那斯?索尔克,你们可能听说过他,他是一名内科医生,在当时认为,如果我们可以制造大量病毒,那么我们或许可以使其转化为疫苗
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So during those years, from 3 to 46, We believed that that part of his brain did not develop in the natural way, because it was deprived of the kind of stimuli to develop in the normal way.
因此，从他3岁到46岁的这些年里，我们认为这部分大脑,没有正常发育，因为没有正常情况下的那些刺激。
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In other words, it's not a completely supercilious argument, sort of "God is brought into being the same way objects that we make use of are brought into being."
换句话说，这并不完全是一个目空一切的论点，他认为，上帝形成的方式,与我们所用之物形成的方式是一样的“
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Now the Elder Brother, we remember, hastily dismissed his brother's pessimism, and then he insisted that the Lady's virginity was fully capable of protecting her from any such physical attack.
这时候哥哥，我们记得，立即消除了弟弟的忧虑，他坚持认为,少女的贞洁完全可以,保护她不受任何外界伤害。
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Cervantes is preoccupied with a figure who is crazy we're pretty sure of that, but he certainly isn't.
塞万提斯专注于一个疯了的人物,这一点我们很确定，但是他并不这么认为。
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Now, Milton understands the problems besetting ; what we could think of as the poem's confused temporality; he understands this a lot better than we do.
现在，弥尔顿明白了我们,认为诗歌暂时性混乱问题的原因所在;,他比我们要明白的多。
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If we grant that to Plato, he thinks we've got an argument for the immortality of the soul.
如果我们同意柏拉图这个观点,他认为我们就有了支持灵魂不灭性的论据
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The iniquity of his lips must be burned off by a live angelic coal, that the sinfulness of his lips we could think of it as the sinfulness of his voice, his poetic voice -- will have to be purged.
他邪恶的嘴唇必定会被天国燃烧的煤块烧掉，他的嘴唇的罪孽,我们可以认为是他所说的话的罪孽，他的诗句必将被净化。
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But we can only remember, he thinks, in the relevant way if our soul existed before the birth of our body, before the creation of our body.
但是我们之前知道,他认为我们的灵魂,存在于我们的身体诞生之前,在我们的身体被创造之前
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He argued for the notions of operant conditioning to be extended to everyday life and argued that people's lives would become fuller and more satisfying if they were controlled in a properly behaviorist way.
他认为我们应当,将众多操作性条件作用的概念,应用于日常生活之中,他还认为，如果能够以行为主义者眼中,恰当的方式来控制人们的行为,那么人们便会拥有更加充实美满的生活。
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It's not clear that this event ever really took place, but it's really not very important, because what Herodotus is doing is telling how he, I think, and how the Greeks in general viewed the questions at issue.
我们无法证实这件事是否真的发生过,但是这并不重要,因为我认为希罗多德是为了,告诉我们,他以及几乎所有的希腊人,是如何看待这个引人争议的问题的
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Also, I don't think that there is any remorse, like in Dudley's diary, "We're eating our breakfast," it seems as though he's just sort of like, you know, the whole idea of not valuing someone else's life.
而且，我不认为达德利有丝毫悔意，既然他可以写出“我们正在吃早餐“这样的日记“,说明他似乎根本，没有把别人的生命当回事儿。
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We naturally assumed that it was Milton himself who was describing his college friendship with Lycidas' Edward King.
我们自然会认为是弥尔顿自己,在需说他和爱德华金的同学之情。
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Regardless of what we think of the success of that example or of the appeal of the attempt to do such a thing, the amazing thing, I think, is that Milton felt so empowered even to embark on such an enormous project.
他的重建是否成功了我们姑且不论,也不说我们对他的这个雄心作何看法，我认为，不可思议的是，米尔顿觉得自己是如此有力量,他甚至真的开始了这样一项宏大的工程。
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