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What if we were to take this electron and send it over to here, in other words, engage in electron transfer.
如果我们得到这个电子,并把它放在这里，换句话说，我们做一个电子传送。
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So now I have my first of my two slopes, in terms of something that's related to my system the heat capacity of the system.
好，我们现在得到了，两个微分式中的一个,它等于与系统密切相关的一个量。
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So chlorine, if we talk about it in terms of electron affinity, we would be writing that we're actually gaining an electron here, and getting the ion, c l minus.
那么，氯，如果我们要讨论它的电子亲和能，我们会假设它真的得到了,一个电子而变成离子，负一价的氯。
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The heater is on, it's producing heat until a negative signal is registered, 'oh we've gone too high', and then it turns off.
加热器会开着,一直产生热量直到它得到一个关闭的信号,噢我们弄得太热了,然后就关闭了
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But that little short hand there is doing exactly the same thing. It is adding that value into some digits and putting it back or signing it back into some digits. And I'll walk through that loop and when I'm done I can print out the total thing does. And if I do that, I get out what I would expect.
加上得到的这个数的,但是这个缩写声明其实是进行了同样的操作,它把我们得到的这个数加到一个数上面去,然后用和对这个数进行了重新赋值,在循环中会去遍历字符串，当完成循环后,程序会显示数字的总和，如果我运行，这个程序的话，我会得到我期待的结果。
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Then we may, from this equation, say a certain force is acting in a given situation by multiplying the m times the a.
然后根据这个方程,我们就能说,得到给定条件下的作用力,它等于 m 和 a 的乘积
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So here's Player I's payoff as a function of what Player II chooses and what Player I chooses, so we have that already.
这个就是参与人I的收益的方程,它是参与人I和II策略的函数,我们已经得到了
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So, similarly in a case where instead we have a small energy difference, we're going to have a low frequency, which means that we're going to have a long wavelength here.
在这个例子里,能量差较小,我们得到的频率低,这意味这它的波长更长。
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So, if we use those two tips to try to figure out a structure, a skeletal structure, we would get this structure here if we write out the full Lewis structure.
那么，如果我们用这两个小窍门来,尝试写出它的结构，骨架结构，我们将会得到这样的结构,如果我们把完整的路易斯结构画出来的话。
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So in the case of 12 32, that is our highest kinetic energy, it's the smallest amount of energy it takes to pop an electron out of that orbital.
因此，1232是我们能够得到的,最高的动能，它是从这个轨道中,打出一个电子需要消耗的最低能量。
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And if we go ahead and square that, then what we get is a probability density, and specifically it's the probability of finding an electron in a certain small defined volume away from the nucleus.
我们得到的是，一个概率密度，它是，在核子周围，某个很小的,特定区域,找到电子的概率,所以它是概率密度。
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OK, so here is just an engine like what we've already seen, and I'm going to specify that this is a Carnot engine which is to say all the results that we just derived hold for this case.
这一个热机,跟我们以前见过的差不多，我们把它确定为,卡诺热机,所以我们之前得到的结果都对它适用。
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Well, we should be able to get this.
我们应该能得到它。
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So now we have this derivative, in terms of physical quantities, things that we can measure.
现在我们得到了这个导数,它可以用实验可测的与。
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So return is another keyword.
找到它--我们得到了这些return命令。
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it's an easy calculation -- we're just taking the negative of the binding energy, again that makes sense, because it's this difference in energy here. So what we get is that the binding energy, when it's negative, the ionization energy is 5 . 4 5 times 10 to the negative 19 joules.
这个计算很简单-我们,只需要取结合能的负值,同样这很容易理解，因为这就是这的能量差,所以我们得到的就是结合能,当它取负值，电离能就是5。45乘以。
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if you don't want to use that, you can also derive it as we did every time, it should intuitively make sense how we got there. But the exams are pretty short, so we don't want you doing that every time, so we'll save the 2 minutes and give you the equations directly, but it's still important to know how to use them.
吸收的和发射的，如果你不想用公式,你也可以每次都向我们这样推导它,很直观的就能得到结果，但考试时间很短，我们不希望你们每次都推导,所以我们会直告诉你，让你节省2分钟，但知道如何应用它十分重要。
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So, the number of nuclei, 119 if we were to sit and count these as well, is 119. So, we'll multiply that by just pi, r squared, to get that cross-section, and divide all of that by 1 . 39 meters squared.
如果你们数的话，原子核的数是，我们用它乘以πr的平方，得到横截面积，除以1。39平方米。
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Then, to find the meaning of b, we take one derivative of this, dx/dt, that's velocity as a function of time, and if you took the derivative of this guy, you will find as at+b. That's the velocity of the object.
接下来,为了弄清b的含义,我们取它的一阶导数,dx/dt,得到速度作为时间的函数,如果你对它求导的话,你会得到at+b,这就是物体的速度
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So, let's say we're looking at an element and we have an emission spectra, and we know that it has five distinct different kinetic energies in that spectrum.
比如我们正在研究一个元素,而且我们得到了它的光谱，知道了在它的光谱里,有五个分立的动能。
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So you can see that we're starting to have a very complicated equation, and it turns out that it's mathematically impossible to even solve the exact Schrodinger equation as we move up to higher numbers of electrons.
所有你们可以看到我们得到了,一个非常复杂的方程，结果是它在数学上是,不可能解出确定的,薛定谔方程,当我们考虑更高的电子数目的时候。
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We've formulated one particular kind of engine, and seen how we can analyze what it does, come up with relations that seem of value for efficiency and other quantities.
这是一个很典型的热机，我们来分析它是怎么工作的，然后得到效率和其它一些,有用物理量之间的关系。
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We found that it's R log V2 over V1.
这是路径A，我们已经得到它。
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