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So we can go ahead and name our molecular orbital, just like we know how to name our atomic orbitals.
我们可以继续命名分子轨道，就想我们知道如何命名原子轨道一样。
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we can go to the restaurant across the street that Italian place that we always go to.
我们可以去马路对面那家我们常去的意大利餐厅。
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So, we can actually kind of visualize what we would see if we were looking at a photoelectron spectrum.
实际上,我们可以在一定程度上想象出,我们在光电子谱上可以看到什么。
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It allows you to define the concept of a thermometer. You have three objects, one of them could be a thermometer.
从热的物体流向冷的物体,由此我们可以定义温度，我们还可以用它来定义温度计：
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You can adjust those grades, let's leave it until next week and we can take it at a leisurely pace.
你可以更正你的成绩，让我们一直延续到下周,我们可以在一个休闲的地方。
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We can think about these things; our mind can grasp them, but they're not to be found in this world.
我们可以思考这些东西,我们的心灵可以感受它们,但是在现实世界中我们找不到
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And there's a few things going on here, so clearly there is multiple sprite, multiple characters, and recall from last week that each sprite has its own set of strips or programs.
我们可以看到许多东西，譬如，很明显我们可以看到有许多小精灵，许多字符，想想上周，每个精灵还自有一套,程序。
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We can distance ourselves from our subjective wants and needs and likes and dislikes, and we can coexist with it in a happy and constructive way.
我们可以控制住我们的主观想法和需求,喜欢和不喜欢这类的想法都浮云了，我们甚至还能与自己的主观感受和谐共处。
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I think of data hiding as basically saying, one can only access instance values, or, we'll call them that, instance values through defined methods.
一个人仅仅可以访问实例变量，或者，我们可以这么来说，通过定义好的方法，来访问实例的变量。
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And we think the brain activation, we can use that to predict financial choice, but beyond that, we can actually use it in some symptom profiles in mental disorders.
我们认为，我们可以通过大脑活动，来预测金融决策，但不仅如此，我们还可以用它来监测精神疾病的病情。
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We can create a science of politics because we make it.
我们可以创造政治科学，因为我们制造了它。
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I don't find that my analysis is profound in the final answer, I just took some estimates using my data and, again, we could-- if someone wanted to argue with us they could argue with my estimates of the expected returns of the standard deviations and the covariances, but not with this theory.
我在计算过程中并没有做太深入的分析，我只是用我的数据做了一下大概的估计,我再说一次，我们可以-,如果有人想就这个问题与我们争辩,他们可以争论我对期望收益的估计,或是争论标准差和协方差的估计值，但并不会针对理论本身。
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So this best response actually is a pretty complicated object, and we could, if we're going to go like we did last time, we could take the time to draw this thing, but it's a bit of a mess so I won't worry about doing that right now.
可以看出最佳对策有点复杂,我们可以,像上次课所做的那样,花点时间把这些画成图表,不过这有点麻烦,现在我不会花时间去做那些
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if we think about electronegativity as a periodic trend we can just draw our nice periodic table here, and let's separate it into quadrants.
如果我们来思考一下电负性的周期性规律,我们可以把我们漂亮的周期表画在这，然后把它分成四个象限。
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So, what we can do instead of talking about the ionization energy, z because that's one of our known quantities, so that we can find z effective.
我们做的事可以代替讨论电离能,因为那是我们知道的量子数之一，那是我们可以解出有效的，如果我们重新排列这个方程。
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As we go across the row what happens is that the ionization energy actually increases, and we can think about logically why it is that that's happening.
当我们沿着行,向右走的时候，可以发现电离能是逐渐升高的,我们可以从逻辑上思考一下为什么会这样。
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So, I think we are capable of, with the kind of assistance of my staff capable of setting exams of comparable difficulty.
所以，我们可以，在教学人员的帮助下，我们可以,制定出难度相当的考题。
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So if we can figure out the binding energy, we can also figure out how much energy we have to put into our atom in order to a eject or ionize an electron.
所以如果我们可以计算出结合能，我们也可以计算出,我们需要注入多少能量到原子中,去逐出或电离一个电子。
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So we get at the number of neutrons indirectly because we know the proton number here.
所以，我们可以间接得到中子数,因为我们知道质子数了。
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So, we can think about what would happen if we're on his thesis defense, we're on his thesis committee, we would need to think of some pretty mean, hard, nasty questions that's what happens when you defend your thesis.
所以，我们可以设想一下,如果我们在他的论文答辩会上,担任论文委员会的成员，那么会发生些什么，我们会想一些非常严厉的,冷酷无情的，险恶的问题,那也是你们在论文答辩时,会遇到的情况。
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So now that we can do this, we can compare and think about, we know how to consider wave functions for individual electrons in multi-electron atoms using those Hartree orbitals or the one electron wave approximations.
现在我们可以做这些了，我们可以对比和考虑，我们知道如何用哈特里轨道,或者单电子波近似去考虑,多电子原子中的单个电子波函数,所以对于我们研究了。
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So if we think about the work function for zinc, and the work function for zinc is 6.9 times 10 to the -19 joules, do we expect that when we shine our UV light on the zinc, we'll be able to eject electrons?
如果我们考虑锌的功函数,它是6，9乘以10的-19次方焦耳，我们是否可以预测当,用紫外灯照射锌时，我们可以射出电子呢？
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And when we talked about that, what we found was that we could actually validate our predicted binding energies by looking at the emission spectra of the hydrogen atom, which is what we did as the demo, or we could think about the absorption spectra as well.
当我们讨论它时，我们发现,我们可以通过,观察氢原子,发射光谱，来预测，结合能，就像我们在演示实验里做的那样，或者我们也可以观察吸收谱。
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It is a system of signs, in other words, that we can make use of, that we recognize as signs precisely because they exist among us as something that can be shared in common.
它是一套符号，我们可以利用，我们可以清楚地辨明这些符号，它们无处不在,是我们大家共同分享的。
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Our simplest case that we can look at would be if we had two 1 s orbitals coming together.
最简答的例子是我们可以看一下,如果我们有两个1s轨道,组合起来会怎么样。
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One of the things we said last time was, with that set of things, the ability to give values-- sorry, to give names to values-- the ability to make decisions, the ability to loop as a function of that, the ability get things in and out, we said that that actually gave us a language we said was Turing-complete.
上次我们和以上内容一起说过，我们可以赋值--抱歉,为数值命名--可以做出判断决定-,并且据此进行循环,可以输入输出数据,我们说拥有这些功能的语言,是图灵完备的。
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And then we can say, OK, if we have many constituents, what if we have a mixture of stuff?
然后我们可以问，如果我们有很多组分，那么我们把它们混合后会是怎么样？
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So, this is just one example of how these properties can already, even our understanding just talking about single atoms, can already make an impact in these biological systems.
这只是一个例子，通过它我们可以看到，尽管我们仅仅讲到了单个原子，但我们现在已经可以用它的性质来理解一些生物系统。
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So you can scroll back through your history, which is also useful for time's sake.
所以我们可以滚回到我们的历史记录，这个可以节约我们的时间。
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