There are some exceptions, which we'll get to later, but the only a big exception here is with hydrogen, which has a special stability that's associated with two electrons.
但也有一些例外我们将以后再讲,但这里只有一个较大的例外,氢,它的稳定性比较特殊,只需要两个电子。
And so our family is only going to have one job.
所以我们家就只有一个劳动力了。
So in terms of the first step of skeletal structure, this is actually going to be easier because we don't have a central atom, we just have carbon and nitrogen here.
对于第一步画出骨架,其实比刚才更容易,因为我们没有一个中心原子,我们这里只有碳和氮两个原子。
Then we realize once again that we can only know what it is if we come to understand--in this case, probably, it's best to say a cultural system, understood as a semiosis, within which it appears.
这样我们就又明白了,只有在一个特定的文化系统中,我们才能认识一个符号。
But we'd like a model that yields an outcome that looks-- that when you only have two firms looks somewhere between monopoly and perfect competition.
但我们想要一个模型能带来这样的结果,即,当只有两家公司时,一个介乎于垄断和完全竞争之间的情形
Now, the other thing to keep in mind is that for any cell there's not just one receptor on the cell, there are thousands, or hundreds of thousands of receptors.
我们要记住的另一点是,在细胞表面,不仅仅只有一个受体,而是有成千上万甚至更多的受体分子
No,no,we've got a single Napoleon.
不,我们只有一个拿破仑。
Because you can come up with an infinite number of values but if you have a finite amount of space and certainly a computer has a finite amount of disk space or RAM, you have to make approximations.
你可能会碰到一些无限的值,如果你只有有限的空间,废话,电脑当然只有一个有限的磁盘空间,或RAM,我们得做一些近似处理。
Because as a young, four or five-year-old company, if we're trying to attract somebody from a company that's been around since before I was born, that is in the computer industry, that's pretty hard.
因为作为一个只有四五岁的年轻公司,如果我们想要吸引大家的注意,尤其是在公司创立之前,这在电脑行业是很难的。
This is very easy molecule because we know exactly where to put them without even having to think, we only have one option, and we'll make a triple bond between the carbon and the nitrogen.
这个分子非常简单,因为我们知道应该把它们放在哪里,甚至不用去想,我们只有一个选择,我们将在碳与氮之间形成一个三键。
Then minus 1/2 of 2, because we only have one bond or 2 electrons in a bond.
然后减去二的二分之一,因为我们只有一个键,一个键就是两个电子。
So, this allows us to look at a bunch of different atoms, of course, limited to the fact that it has to be a 1 electron atom.
所以这让我们可以研究很多原子,只要它们都只有一个电子。
so given that we chose an odd number of people in the row, if exactly one candidate stands and that candidate is the center candidate, then that's an equilibrium.
假若我们选中行的人数为奇数,如果确实只有一个候选人参选且,那个候选人就是在中间,则那是个均衡
At this point, we have no other choice but to double up before going to the next energy level, 2px so we'll put a second one in the 2 p x.
在这点上我们没有其他选择,而只有双倍填充,在到下一个能级之前,所以我们放入第二个电子至。
I want to point out that the zero energy is defined as when you have a naked proton -- where the electron has popped out -- that's what we've defined as zero energy up to this point when we're talking about single atoms.
我想指出,这里零点能的定义,是当我们只有一个裸露的质子,而没有电子时-,到目前为止对零点能一直采用这样的定义,当我们在讨论单个原子时。
So, presumably, if we follow our rules so far only one of these should be correct.
那么,可以假定,如果我们按照之前的规则,应该只有一个是正确的。
We need to check another entrant from the outside, left wing or right wing, we need to check another entrant in the middle, there is only one possible one there, and there's a third kind of deviation we should check, what's the third type of deviation?
我们需要验证另外一个外部的参选人,左派或右派,我们需要验证另外一个中间的参选人,只有一个可能参选的人,还有第三种要验证的偏差类型,第三种偏差类型是什么
When we have just a single bond in them molecule, you have all the free rotation you want, you can just spin it around, there's nothing keeping it in place.
当我们在分子力只有一个单键时,你可以随意旋转,你可以让它转起来,没有什么东西能固定住它。
We were talking about methane, which has only one central atom.
我们讨论的甲烷,只有一个中心原子。
Well, what's nice about this program is that there's just one function, main, so we don't need to draw the stack and get things all complicated.
这个程序的优点是,这里只有一个函数main,这样我们就不需要,画出堆,也不用那么复杂。
It's nice, though, only in that it will give us an opportunity to fill in the blank.
这是美好的,虽然,只有在那个里面它才会给我们一个机会,来填充那个空白表格。
I've gone through a series of such arguments, and the one that we ended with last time was the suggestion that we need to believe in the existence of a soul in order to explain the fact that we've got free will.
我已经讲过一系列这样的论证,上次课结束时我提到的一个论证认为,我们只有相信灵魂存在,才能解释我们拥有自由意志这一事实
We're going to get to more complicated atoms eventually where we're going to have more than one electron in it, but when we're talking about a single electron atom, we know that the binding energy is equal to the negative of the Rydberg constant over n squared, so it's only depends on n.
我们以后会讲到,更加复杂的情况,那时候,不只有一个原子,但当我们讲,单个原子的时候,我们知道结合能,等于,负的Rydberg常数,除以n平方,所以它仅仅由n决定的。
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