-
Because we've learned about that biology we've been able to make erythropoietin outside the body and use it as a drug.
由于我们已经知道了这种生物学机制,因此我们能体外制造促红细胞生成素,并作为药品应用
-
We saw some students who are trying to make a machine that automatically decorates cakes.
我们看到有些同学在制造能自动装饰蛋糕的机器。
-
Now, you know, because we talked about cell culture already, that a great--that we talked about last week, manufacturing of cells.
你知道,因为我们已经讲过细胞培养,我们上周讲过的,细胞的大规模制造
-
If we build an engine for a car or anything else, it almost always is going to have some key element that's operating in a cycle, otherwise it won't keep going, right.
如果我们为一辆汽车，或其他什么东西制造一台引擎,它总要有一些关键，要素来形成循环。
-
What we are going to talk about is not about creating fancy, technologically composed content.
我们要探讨的,不是制造幻象，或技术构成的教育内容。
-
It's expensive because the process by which we produce it is energy intensive and resource intensive.
它贵是因为我们制造它的,过程消耗了很大的能源,和资源。
-
Should we create a drug that takes away the pleasure from some of these unhealthy foods?
我们能制造出一种药让人们,在吃这些垃圾食品时候的愉悦感消失吗
-
A different response, of course, is why couldn't we have robots that just build more robots?
另一种不同的回应,为什么我们不能拥有制造机器人的机器人呢
-
We want to say, "Well, gee, that wasn't produced by a machine.
我们想说：“哎呀，那不是由机器制造的。
-
Reason is not about simple observation, but rather, it is about making, production, or as he says, " "making like consequences produce the desired effects."
理性并不是单纯的观察，它是创造，制造，像他说的，“使它产生我们想要的结果“
-
So we finally got tough and we got Paul Volker in there and central banks around the world all managed to get tough around that time and we killed inflation but it created a recession.
所以，我们最终强硬地实施,并且将保罗？沃尔克作为主席,世界各地的中央银行,全都在那段时期内严格的实施,最终我们消除了通货膨胀，却制造了经济衰退。
-
And the reason I was able to do that and keep with what my original intentions were was to have a career that was the fulfilling, in terms of helping people and being engaged in science, is all of a sudden I realized, as chemists, we can think about better ways to build molecules that are important for making medications.
我能够这么做,并且能不和我原来的打算冲突,是因为我的职业很有意义，能帮助他人，又和科学相关,于是突然我意思到，作为一个化学家,我们可以思考出更好的办法,制造出在制药方面十分有用的分子。
-
bug You're gonna run into innumerable bugs most likely, by bugs we mean mistakes, - behaviors that you didn't quite intend and yet they seem to be-- and yet your program seems to be misbehaving in some sense.
你可能会制造数不清的，对了，我们称bug为错误或，你完全没有预料到的行为，但是它们的确存在-,这样看来，你的作品在某种意义上可以说是行为不端。
-
If we understood them well enough we could potentially make any particular kind of cell in the body from those pluripotent cells.
如果我们能研究得足够透彻,我们就有可能利用这些多能干细胞,制造我们体内任何特定的细胞
-
So how do we go about providing life-long learning opportunities to the entire population?
那我们应如何,为所有人们制造更多,终身学习的机遇？
-
It's biological engines, right. Things that either produce or consume biological fuel to do different sorts of processes. Also, of course of key importance to understand what the, in that case, biological thermodynamics are.
但不只是我们制造的引擎,生物引擎也是如此,它们产生或消费生物燃料,来完成不同的过程，当然，这也是理解生物热力学的关键所在。
-
So we can build a machine that could sort red balls from blue balls.
我们就能制造一台,可以分辨红球和蓝球的机器
-
We can create a science of politics because we make it.
我们可以创造政治科学，因为我们制造了它。
-
Jonas Salk, who probably you've heard the name, was a physician who, at the time thought, "Well if we can make large quantities of this virus then perhaps we can make it into a vaccine."
乔那斯?索尔克,你们可能听说过他,他是一名内科医生,在当时认为,如果我们可以制造大量病毒,那么我们或许可以使其转化为疫苗
-
Here's an example where we'd like to make insulin, or having the insulin gene would be useful, but if we could take the insulin gene and make many copies of the insulin protein that would be a very useful thing.
例子就是我们人工制造胰岛素,胰岛素基因就很有用,但如果我们可以用胰岛素基因,复制很多胰岛素蛋白,这将会是非常有裨益的一件事
-
This was, again, the thesis of the classical republicans according to which we are only fully human, or we only become fully human, when we are engaged in political life, in ruling ourselves by laws of our own making.
这再一次印证了典型共和派的的宗旨,根据于我们是完全的人，我们要变成完全的人，当我们被牵扯到政治生活中，我们用我们自己制造的法律来统治自己。
-
And it's important innovation in several different ways and we're going to talk about this whole science of building artificial organs, devices that are made out of totally synthetic components to replace the function of your natural organs, and the artificial heart is a good example of that.
在很多方向上也做出了重要的创新,我们会讲到,制造人造器官的技术原理,这些装置完全用合成材料制成,能够取代人体器官的功能,人造心脏就是一个很好的范例
-
So, if we're going to go to the moon, we're going to go to Mars,we want to be able to produce oxygen, structural metals and photovoltaic materials from in situ resources.
如果我们要去月球上，我们要去火星上，我们则必须要制造,氧气，结构金属和光电材料,就在原地制造。
-
I think the smallpox vaccine we made now would probably be better, more effective, and safer than the vaccines we made in the '50s.
我相信若我们现在制造天花疫苗,应该会比五十年代的更有效更安全
-
We can certainly understand the possibility that God would perform a miracle, put the molecules back together, to turn the body back on, same body, same person.
我们可以理解上帝可能,有能力制造这个奇迹，把所有的分子重组，把肉体重组，同样的肉体，同一个人。
-
We've talked about killing a virus by cross-linking it, for example, to make a substance that looks like a vaccine-- looks like a virus but can't replicate.
例如,我们谈论过,通过蛋白交联来杀死病毒,以便制造出一种类似疫苗,应该是类似病毒但却无法进行复制的物质
-
So, our bodies are capable of making antibodies that are tuned for all the potential antigens that we come into contact with, That's amazing that we have this capacity to respond and you respond only when needed.
所以 我们的身体具有制造抗体的能力,这些抗体对于各种潜在抗原具有特异性,我们具有只在需要时做出,免疫反应的能力 这太让人惊叹了
-
How can you use cultured cells to do things, and how do engineers build new things out of cultured cells is going to be a subject we talk about throughout the rest of the course and the chapter is listed here.
如何利用这些培养好的细胞,工程师们如何用培养的细胞制造新产品,这是我们接下来的课程要讨论的主题,相关章节都列在这儿了
-
There's a lot of engineering that we've already talked about in terms of producing quantities of the vaccine, producing it reliably, producing it safe, distributing it, and keeping track requires a level of sophistication that maybe you wouldn't have thought about initially.
我们已经讲过很多工程方面的内容,比如大批量制造疫苗,制造可靠的疫苗,制造安全的疫苗,分派发放疫苗,以及一个完善的随访监测系统,你们最早可能没有想过这些冬夜
应用推荐