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And we challenge ourselves to do the system design so that we responsibly took into account all of the dimensions that we talked about at the beginning.
我们通过做这个,制度设计挑战自我,以便于充分考虑,我们最初谈到的,所有方面。
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Like, we talk to professors one on one. We have lectureships. We talk to like...
比如，我们和教授一对一交谈。我们有导师制度。我们互相交谈，和……
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We developed buddy systems so that people would have people to go with them on the trains, if they are taking buses, no one would go around by themselves there is just kind of anxiety to what might happen.
我们形成了结伴制度,让人们结伴搭乘火车，如果他们乘坐公车的话，没有人会单独出行,对可能发生意外的焦虑在空中弥漫。
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We have a good system in taxes, but it's imperfect because it hasn't been thought out thoroughly in terms of risk management.
我们有很好的税收制度，但它并不完善,因为它并非完全从风险管理的角度,经过考量而得出的。
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When they created margin rules that the seller had to be borrowing against securities. Just made more money when securities went up more value.
当我们发明保证金制度,卖空证券时需要交担保金,证券升值时能赚到更多钱。
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You're not responsible for these paintings, but we'll illustrate ways in which the Dutch Republic, and their social structure, and what they emphasized, and who they thought they were was very different than, for example, la belle France.
你不必深究这些画作,不过我们将从荷兰的民主制度,社会结构,和他们自己所强调的特征上解释这些画的含义,他们认为自己和其他人很不一样,例如,和美丽的法国之间的不同
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He seems, in this way, to anticipate what we might think of as the modern welfare state that public assistance be provided, and the poor, not simply depend on the private goodwill of the others.
如此看来,霍布斯已经预见到了,我们现代社会国家福利制度的出现，穷人不只依靠个人的善意施舍度日,更多的是求助于国家提供的福利保障。
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So we need something more and the kind of things we can see more: we can think about contracts; we can think about treaties between countries; we can think about regulation.
我们需要跳出这个思维定势,我们可以考虑制定协约,我们可以考虑各国之间签订协约,我们可以考虑制定规章制度
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Well, we do have a graduated tax system.
嗯，我们有累进税率制度。
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In the United States we did not have a central bank until 1913 when we created the Federal Reserve System.
在美国，我们直到1913年,创立了联邦储备银行制度。
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We have a system, which you say it really-- The progressive tax system is very important but it's not conceptualized right.
我们有个制度，你们都觉得-,累进税制非常重要,但它被错误的概念化了。
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Anyway, I want then to move on to the topic of today's lecture, Insurance is the other side of the risk management institutions that we have.
下面开始今天这节课的主题,保险是我们现有的另一种,风险管理制度
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What we do have we should be thankful for, it's very important.
我们应该为已有的制度感到欣慰，因为它非常重要。
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Financial markets similar to ours are being set up in many places.
很多地区都建立了与我们类似的金融市场制度
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People say we don't--well, we don't, but we do have an emergency care system so that anybody who is suddenly stricken will be taken to a hospital and taken care of.
人们说没有，好吧，那就没有，但我们确实有急救护理制度,让突然受伤的人,可以被送往医院并且得到救护。
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Now, the really fascinating thing is that we have the same system today, except we don't use the postal service as the conduit anymore.
最妙的是,我们现在有同样的制度，除了我们不再将邮政服务作为纽带。
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