So the other guy is pricing below costs, the way which I avoid making losses is to set my price above his price.

所以另一家公司定价低于成本,我想要避免损失的方法是,将我的价格设定得比它高

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

If they awarded options that were "In the money" -that means already exercisable at profit -then they would be subject to a tax liability immediately, so they don't want to do that.

如果这些奖励的股票期权是价内期权,这说明期权行权即可赢利,这些利润是要交税的,当然他们想避免交税

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

And blind here is a technical term meaning she had no idea what the baby saw, and the point about this is to avoid either intentional or unintentional sort of trying to get the answer you want.

这里的盲性是个术语,意味着主试完全不知道婴儿看到了什么,这样做的目的在于,避免主试因想要得到自己所想要的结果,而进行的有意或无意的尝试

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选