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Well, basically, the way to find that out is you ask people and people have--psychologists and sociologists have collected dream reports.
很简单，想知道就要问他们了,心理学家和社会学家,收集了梦境报告。
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I was a psychology major in undergrad, and really thought that I wanted to be a counselor.
我本科学习心理学专业，我那时很希望自己将来能够成为一名心理辅导员。
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And then it has a beautiful illustration of psychological testing, so I'll give you them quickly one after the other.
也很好地解释了一个心理测试，我会很快为大家逐一讲解。
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I want to move on now to a related topic, one that is very important for psychologist but also for you to apply in your life.
现在我想谈一个相关话题，它对心理学家很重要,对生活应用也很重要。
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I want to talk about Kahneman and Tversky's Prospect Theory, which is a very important and a little technical-- psychologists can become mathematical and technical as well.
我会谈到,卡尼曼和特维斯基的前景理论,这是很重要的理论,同时需要一定的数学计算,心理学家也可以精于计算,和擅用技巧
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Maybe the claim we all die alone is a psychological claim, that the psychological state we are in when we die is similar to loneliness.
也许这是一种心理学上的说法，认为我们死时，感觉很孤独。
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Oh, that piece fits well or that goes well off, the psychology behind it."
噢，那件不错，或者这件很好地表达了某种心理。
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Tajfel The psychologist Tajfel after World War II was interested in the question of what could make a group.
二战后一位心理学家,很有兴趣研究群体是如何形成的。
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I have a friend who's a social psychologist who told me a story once that really made me very nervous, although she's fine.
我有一个社会心理学家朋友,她曾经给我说过一个故事,让我很紧张，虽然她现在一切都好。
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Evolutionary psychologists and cognitive neuroscientists have puzzled over this one.
进行心理学家和认为神经学家,都对这个现象很困惑。
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That's not a scientific term but the same psychologists were interested in studying how quickly you can-- if at all how long does it take to figure out somebody's sexual orientation?
这不是一个科学术语,这两位心理学家也很有兴趣研究,你能多快…,如果对方真的是同性恋,就能猜出他们的性取向？
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Questions make a difference, which is why it is also important to ask the positive psychology question, which is the salutogenic question: ? "What is source of health? What is the source of success?
疑问引起改变，因此提问是非常重要的,提出积极心理学的问题很重要，也就是“健康创成“的问题：,“健康源于什么？成功源于什么？
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But then because children, according to Freud, don't have a good sense of the boundary between their mind and the world, they think their father can tell that they're plotting to kill him and they figure their father is now angry at them.
但是，据弗洛伊德的理论，由于儿童无法很好地,在心理和现实之间划清界限，即他们认为自己的父亲,能够看出他们在密谋弑父,而且他们还认为父亲非常生他们的气。
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Not quite right. When people are-- have an internal conflict, when there's something uncomfortable-- Well, that's right.
这说得不是很正确，当人们…,心理活动产生矛盾时，当他们碰到不安的情况时-,这是对的。
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And what I want to do now is illustrate a case study of what I mean by nature constrained and why it is so important for happiness, for wellbeing, for long-term success to have the constrained view of human nature when it comes to our psychology that is.
现在我想演示一个案例研究,说明我所谓的本性受约束的含义,为何它对快乐，幸福，长久的成功如此重要,当论及到我们的心理时,人性受约束观点很重要。
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They just rush in to-- Women give birth and they rush in and they say, "We are psychologists," and then we do experiments on the babies, and it's terrific.
研究人员就这么跑进产房,女人们生完孩子,他们就急忙跑进去说,"我们是心理学家",然后我们对婴儿展开各种实验,这很了不起
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You're more likely--It's a subtle effect when you make the groups so minimal but you're more likely to give it to your own group than to others and this suggests that moral feelings are exquisitely attuned not necessarily only to individuals but also to the psychology of groups.
你很可能…这是微细效应,因为这些群体非常简单,你很可能把钱给自己群体，而不是对方,这表明道德情感是很细微的,不仅是针对个人而言,也是针对群体心理而言。
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What do people want to dream about? Well, psychologist-- the findings were totally not going to surprise you.
人们想梦见什么？心理学家-,发现了很出乎人意料的答案。
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If you ask them why it matters, they say, well it's pretty obvious-- it's all their investor psychology that we have to deal with.
如果你问为什么这么重要呢,他们说,这很明显,因为我们要考虑投资者的心理
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But a wonderful book, very well-written, very accessible in the spirit of positive psychology.
但是本很棒的书，写得非常好，让人很容易理解积极心理学。
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One of the most robust and replicated findings in education or developmental psychology is very simple.
教育或发展心理学有一个，有有一个,很充分，而且经常被人引用的简单发现。
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And this is one of the more interesting sub domains of social psychology.
这是社会心理学一个很有趣的领域。
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Psychologists for decades had very good intentions about helping at risk population.
数十年来的心理学家都有很好的意愿,想帮助高危人群。
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But at the same time the study of moral reasoning is a fascinated--fascinating issue for those of us interested in cross-cultural psychology because there are plain differences across cultures.
但同时,道德推理是一个很有趣的研究,尤其对那些对跨文化心理感心趣的人,因为每个文化都有明显的差异。
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And this is called the Pratfall Effect, that our liking for the competent person grows when they make a mistake, when they do something embarrassing, when they have a failure experience. Okay?
心理学上，这叫“失态效应，我们对有能力之人的喜爱之情再次升华,当他们犯错，出洋相，经历很衰的事情时？
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Suppose you hate development; you hate developmental psychology; you hate babies; you hate children; they're not cute; they're ugly; you don't want to have them; you don't want to study them; you're annoyed that we have to discuss them.
假设你讨厌发展,讨厌发展心理学,讨厌婴儿,讨厌儿童,他们不可爱,他们很丑陋,你不想有孩子,也不想去研究他们,你对我们探讨儿童觉得厌烦
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