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De Broglie, 1924, in his PhD thesis says if an electron has wavelike properties this would be its wavelength.
德布罗意，1924年在他的博士毕业论文中说到,如果一个电子有类似波的性质,这就是它的波长。
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So there was a good question in Wednesday's class about the de Broglie wavelength and if it can actually go to infinity.
在周三的课上有个关于德布罗意波波长的问题,非常好，就是它能不能到无穷大。
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But de Broglie has told us that the wavelength is related to the instant velocity through this formula.
但德布罗意曾说过,波长是和瞬时速度相联系的,通过这个公式。
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So that would probably be de Broglie's answer for why, in fact, we're not observing the wavelength behavior of material on a day-to-day life.
所以那就可能是德布罗意关于,为什么我们无法再日常生活中,观测到物质的波动行为的答案。
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So I mentioned, however, that in terms of de Broglie's work. T his was Nobel Prize worthy, absolutely, but it was also his PhD thesis.
然而，我提到的是德布罗意的工作，这个工作是绝对是,配得上诺贝尔奖的，而且它也是德布罗意的博士论文。
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So this validates de Broglie and it also validates the whole concept of wave-particle duality.
这就证实了德布罗意的观点,也证实了,波粒二象性的原理。
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If de Broglie is correct, we could then model the electron in its orbit not moving as a particle, but let's model it as a wave.
如果德布罗意是对的，那么我们可以在电子轨道中建立电子模型,不是像粒子一样运动，而是像波一样运动。
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But let's just try maybe one of the basic questions they could ask, and they can say, all right, de Broglie, so you say that all matter, absolutely all matter has wave-like behavior.
让我们试一试他们,可能问到的一个基础问题，他们会说，好的，德布罗意，你说所有的物质，所有物质绝对会有波的特性。
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De Broglie has said electrons, under certain circumstances, can be modeled as behaving as though they are waves.
德·布罗意说过电子，在某种特殊的情况下，也可以运转，即使它们都只是波。
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And so if you say de Broglie's name to many physicists, the tagline they associate with de Broglie is "matter waves" as distinct from light waves.
如果你向很多物理学家提及到德布罗意，他们觉得德布罗意中心思想就是,是物质波不同于光波。
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What de Broglie is saying we can know the wavelength of any matter at all, as long as we know its mass and it's velocity.
通过德布罗意所说的,只要我们知道了,它的质量和速度，我们可以知道,任何物质的波长。
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And what de Broglie said is well, if it's true that light, which has a wavelength can have momentum, then it must also be true that matter, which has momentum, also has a wavelength.
德布罗意说的是，如果光具有波长和动量是对的,那么物质具有动量和波长,也一定是对的。
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De Broglie, Heisenberg and Schrodinger.
德布罗意，海森堡和薛定谔。
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De Broglie was the child of French aristocracy.
德布罗意出身贵族家庭。
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One is that he's just re-arranged an equation here and gotten both his PhD thesis and a Nobel Prize, but I think the more representative way to think about this is the real revolutionary idea that he put forth, which is that matter can actually behave as a wave.
一个是德布罗意仅仅,重新排列了一个方程,而且完成了博士论文并获得诺贝尔奖，但是我认为更具有代表性的观点,是他提出了实在的革命性的观点，那就是物质会有波的性质。
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What he did was took de Broglie motion of the electron as a wave and developed a wave equation for such matter waves.
他所做的就是,用电子的德布罗意运动,作为波并且对于那种物质波,给出波动方程。
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So de Broglie's genius was in asking a really, really good question.
所以德布罗意问了一个，很好很好的问题。
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Now de Broglie is saying I am going to go further.
而现在德布罗意要更进一步。
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We are going to start with de Broglie.
从德布罗意开始。
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So we use the de Broglie formula.
因此用到了德布罗意的公式。
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So, hopefully that kind of clears up that question. And, of course, when the velocity actually is zero, this equation that the de Broglie has put forth is valid for anything that has momentum, so if something does not have any velocity at all, it actually does not have momentum, so you can't apply that equation anyway.
能回答你的问题，当然，如果速度真的是零的话,德布罗意提出的这个方程,只对有动量的物体成立,所以如果一个东西没有速度，它没有动量，也就不能应用这个方程。
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And Einstein credited de Broglie, which is a fair statement of lifting a corner of the great veil, because really there was this fundamental misunderstanding about what the difference was between matter and light, and the reality is that they can both be like-particles and they can both show characteristics of waves.
并且爱因斯坦相信德布罗意，他做了一个公正的论述,揭开了一个伟大面纱的一角，因为关于物质和光,以前确实存在着,根本性的误解，真实情况是它们同时,具有粒子和波的特性。
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If de Broglie is correct, let's irradiate the nickel crystal with a beam of electrons where the wavelength of the beam of electrons is identical to the wavelength of the x-rays that were used and see what we get.
如果德·布罗意是正确的，那么镍晶体放出,电子光束,电子束的波长,和原来讲过的X光的波长是相等的,再看看得到了什么。
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