So, if we look on the periodic table, comparing, for example, s to o, if we have s it's below o, what happens to ionization energy as we go down a table?

那么，如果我们看周期表上，比较，比如，硫和氧，硫在氧下面，当我们沿着表向下看的时候,电离能是怎么变化的？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, let's think of the energy of interaction when we're comparing atomic orbitals to molecular bonding orbitals.

当我们比较原子轨道和分子轨道的时候,我们来考虑一下相互作用能。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So if we compare l increasing here, so a 3 s to a 3 p to a 3 d, what we find is that it's only in the s orbital that we have a significant probability of actually getting very close to the nucleus.

我们比较当ｌ变大的时候，从３ｓ到３ｐ到３ｄ,我们可以发现只有ｓ轨道,有很大的概率,非常接近原子核。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, there are 2 different things that we can compare when we're comparing graphs of radial probability distribution, and the first thing we can do is think about well, how does the radius change, or the most probable radius change when we're increasing n, when we're increasing the principle quantum number here?

当比较这些径向概率分布图,的时候，我们可以比较两个东西，第一个就是考虑当我们增加ｎ,当我们增加主量子数的时候，半径怎么变，最可能半径怎么变化？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And when we make these comparisons, one thing I want to point out is that we need to keep the constant principle quantum number constant, so we're talking about a certain state, so we could talk about the n equals 2 state, or the n equals 3 state.

当我们做这些比较时，我想指出的一件事是,我们需要保持常量原则,保持量子数是常数，所以我们在讨论一个确定的态时，我们可以谈论n等于2的态，或者n等于3的态。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选