All states centralized, became larger and centralized their ability to extract resources from their population.

所有中央集权化制的国家,会变得更大,并集中所有能力,对人民敲骨吸髓

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

He is independent in a way that nobody who was not a king or an aristocrat in the past has ever been -- a new kind of man, the backbone of the polis as it emerges.

他是如此的独立以至于,前无古人后无来者,一个全新的人,它不断地发展并成为城邦制的脊梁

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选