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So, we know now that we have charged particles. Are these negatively or positively charged based on this evidence?
弯曲的角度,现在我们知道,阴极射线是带电粒子,但从这个实验？
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We've seen so far that we can have a neutral plus neutral sodium plus chlorine goes to cation plus anion.
到目前为止,我们得到了一个不带电的加一个不带电的,即钠加上氯，得到阳离子加阴离子。
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So, what we're looking at here is the force when we have two charged particles, one positive one negative -- here, the nucleus and an electron.
我们现在研究的是,一正一负俩个带电粒子之间的,作用力-在这里。
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All membranes are electrically charged.
所有的膜都是带电的
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Basically what he did is he took a very thin metal foil and he bombarded it with charged particles.
简单的说他做的工作是,用一张非常薄的金属箔,然后用带电的粒子轰击它。
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You will learn in 8.02 that if you have a charged body changing direction, that constitutes an acceleration.
你们将在8。02中学到,如果一个带电体改变方向时，产生一个加速度。
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So, when the voltage difference between the plates is zero, or when we just don't have the plates there at all, the cathode rays are not bent, they just go right in a straight line, and they can be detected on this screen.
拐弯来测试它们是否带电,当两板之间电压为零，或者根本就,没有这两个板时，阴极射线是一条直线,它可以在屏幕上。
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He used various forms of high-energy radiation in order to make the droplets bear a charge.
他使用很多形式的高能辐射,为了就是使这些液滴带电。
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And so not only is aluminum highly charged, but it is physically small.
所以并非铝高度带电，但是它的物理半径很小。
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And then there is this third species, the neutron, which has no charge.
这是第三种了，中子，不带电。
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Neutron has no charge.
中子不带电。
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Now, sodium and potassium don't ordinarily move across membranes, they're charged molecules, they can't dissolve, they can't permeate through a cell membrane, but they go through because there are channels that allow them to pass through in the membrane.
钠和钾通常是不能跨过细胞膜的,它们都是带电粒子,它们不能溶解在细胞膜中,不能渗透通过细胞膜,但它们之所以能通过细胞膜,全赖膜上离子通道的作用
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And what was known about alpha particles at the time is that they were these charged particles and that they were very heavy.
当时对alpha粒子的理解,是它们是带电的而且非常重，有谁知道的,比Rutherford时代的多吗。
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