And so, you know from your Newtonian mechanics, as you were learning in 8.01, the dynamic force here mv^2/r is mv squared over r.

在8。01节对牛顿动力学系统的学习中，我们可以知道这里的运动受力,就是。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So w, the work is less for the irreversible process than the reversible process.

不可逆过程中系统对外界,做的功要比可逆过程时小。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

How many electrons in the one electron system, right?

一个单电子系统中有多少个电子，对吗？

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Wirr Minus w irreversible, this is the work which is done to the environment by the system, -Wrev minus w irreversible is always smaller than minus w reversible.

一点提示，不可逆过程中系统,对外界做的功，总是小于,之前我们。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选