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I will be posting code that you can play with, and I suggest you go through exactly this kind of exercise.
我给你一些你用的上的代码，我建议你们,多进行一些这种实验。
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I think it's a good idea to take the lab, particularly in this particular class because I don't have any demonstrations.
我觉得做实验还是很必要的,特别是在这门课上,因为我不会做任何演示
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Last day we looked at Rutherford, Geiger, Marsden and the experiment that they conducted on the gold foil.
昨天我们讲了卢瑟福，盖革，马斯登,以及他们在金箔上所做的实验。
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So the first thing about this is we're really reintroducing the experiments back into freshmen physics.
因此最重要的一点是,我们确实将实验重新引入,到大一新生的物理课上。
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So what we'll start with today is talking about the technique that's primarily used to actually experimentally figure out what these different energy levels are.
因此，我们今天首先要讨论的就是,最常用来在实验上,确定不同能级的技术。
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As I mentioned at the end of last lecture, what I want to do is offer us a set of thought experiments.
正如我在上一讲最后提到的，我想做一些思考实验。
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Hobbes is the, again, the great founder of what we might call, among others, is the experimental method in social and political science.
霍布斯是伟大的奠基者,是我们所说的，在科学和政治科学的实验方法上的奠基者。
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One thing to know methodologically is the person giving a choice is blind to the study.
研究方法上需要强调的一点是,主试对于实验来说是盲性的
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I just want to do a very quick experiment, so everyone stay in their seat.
现在做一个小小的实验,所有人都坐在自己的位子上
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If you go back to the origins of the computer industry, imagine a bunch of guys in lab coats sitting around a laboratory, and these are the smartest guys in the world, and they've invented things.
如果回顾电脑行业的兴起，想象一下一群人穿着实验服,坐在实验室里，他们是世界上最聪明的人，他们搞了些发明。
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If you know it' s going to work, it's not an experiment.
如果在做实验时,你已经知道这个成分会起作用，那这就不是一个真正意义上的实验了。
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Let me ask another question, if you give this-- and we'll talk about this in a later lecture, but if you give this diet to laboratory animal-- rats, mice, whatever-- it's very common for animals to gain a good bit of weight when given access to this diet.
我们来看另一个问题,如果你给,我们将在以后的课上讨论这个话题,但如果你给实验室动物,像小白鼠之类的,给予某种类型的饮食,这种饮食习惯会使得体重增加
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I think you should take the lab sometime, but I don't know how many semesters that you have to take.
我觉得你们应该是不是地去做几次实验,我不太清楚你们要上多少个学期的课
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Yeah. There are many, many lab times and you have to go to the website for the lab.
实验室有很多的开放时间,你得去实验室网站上看看
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So I said that this technique was used to experimentally determine what the different binding energies or the different ionization energies are for the different states in a multielectron atom.
我说过，这项技术被用来,在实验上确定多电子原子的,各个不同态相应的束缚能,或者电离能。
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This is one of the most famous experiments in the history of social psychology.
这个实验,是社会心理学史上最有名的实验。
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You bring somebody in the sleep lab, you put electrodes on their scalp and you see what these-- what sort of electrical activities you get in the brain.
把人叫来睡眠实验室，把电极贴在他们的头皮上,你就能看到-,他们有什么脑电活动。
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It turns out, to a tremendous degree, and you could imagine yourself in that situation, they choose this one, the one that wasn't the one they turned down.
结果发现，非常大的程度上，你们也可以想象实验对象是你自己，他们选了这一粒，不是他们第一次没选的那粒。
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This is a terribly stressful experiment to do to people and, as I say now about a lot of studies that I describe in this class, it would not today be done.
这些在人身上进行的实验非常有压力,正如我说过，有很多,我在课堂上讲过的实验，在今天都是不能进行的。
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He was a brilliant experimentalist.
算得上一个非常有能力的实验家。
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One example, on some of their biochemistry applications is with another Professor at MIT, Alice Ting and her lab.
和另外一个MIT的,教授Alice，Ting及她的,实验室在生化应用上展开合作。
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And, of course, all that's left is this positive pudding. So that's not going to do anything either. And what he found when he did this experiment, was that the count rate with still 132 000 counts per minute.
剩下的是带正电的布丁,也不会产生什么影响,结果他实验上观测到,计数器测得每分钟132000下,所以到目前为止,他可以说实验。
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Still Milgram's work is interesting in many--for many reasons, in large part because he provides an illustration of the perfect situation for getting somebody to do a terrible thing and the perfect situation has certain ingredients.
虽然如此，他的实验还是有很多有趣的地方，很大程度上是因为他解释了,什么情况最有可能,让人做出可怕的行为,这个最有可能的情况包含几个要素。
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You can see some people in the back with cameras as part of an experimental pilot program funded by the Hewlett Foundation and at some point they will decide what they will do with these lectures.
你们能看到后面的摄像人员,这是个由休利特基金会赞助的实验性试播项目,在某种程度上来说,是由他们决定,如何使用这些课堂录像
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Let's be honest here, when we say experiments in the real world in Game Theory-- or the ones you read about in The New York Times-- the real world when it comes to experiments in Economics really means undergraduates at the University of Arizona.
坦诚地讲,不管是现实中的博弈实验,还是你们在纽约时报上所看到的,谈到现实生活中进行的经济实验,当属亚利桑那大学的本科生
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Now, we know from the work in the Bystander effect that in general which one are we more likely to help in, when we're the only person or multiple?
我们从旁观者效应的实验中知道,我们在哪种情景上更可能出手相救，一个人，还是有其他人时？
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When you see black faces subjects are more likely to fill this with words like "hostile" while whites more likely to fill it with words like "hospital."
当看到黑人照片时，实验对象,更可能填上“hostile“这样的词“,看到白人时，更可能填上“hospital“这样的词“
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This was developed by Mahzarin Banaji who used to be at Yale and now is in an inferior university in Boston and it's called implicit attitudes test and it's the biggest psychology experiment ever done in terms of people.
这是Mahzarin，Banaji研究出来的，他以前在耶鲁任教,现在在波士顿一间大学任教,这个叫内隐态度测试,这是有史以来最大规模的一个心理实验,从人数上来讲的话。
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