For a real gas it depends on more than the temperature STUDENT: Are there any other constraints similar to that .

而对实际气体，这是不对的,它的内能不仅仅依赖于温度,学生：有其他,类似的约束吗？

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So, clearly, if we remove this barrier mixing takes place and obviously you know that that happens from lots of experience.

所以很明显，如果我们拿走隔板,气体混合就会发生,我们从大量的实际经验中就可以知道这些。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Very idealistic, but that's not the way the world works.

都是理想气体，而非实际的状态。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

B=0 There's going to be some temperature where B is equal to zero. In that case, your gas is going to look awfully like an ideal gas.

在某个温度,这时，实际气体的表现，十分接近理想气体,高于这一温度它是正的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

For real gases, there's a whole bunch of equation the states that you can find in textbooks, and I'm just going to go through a few of them.

这是理想气体的状态方程,对实际气体,你可以在教科书里，找到许多描述它们的,状态方程。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And you can find these compressibility factors in tables. If you want to know the compressibility factors for water, for steam, at a certain pressure and temperature, you go to a table and you find it.

各种气体的压缩系数,想知道水或者水蒸气,在某个温度和压强下的，压缩系数，查表就行了，这是实际气体状态方程的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

for real gases. This is an equation of state for an ideal gases.

我们需要描述实际气体,的状态方程。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So again, if you do a calculation where you're close enough to the ideal gas and you need to design your, if you have an engineer designing something that's got a bunch of gases around, this is a useful thing to use.

要研究近似理想气体的表现时,这个方程非常有用,下面再来看一个，对我们来说最有意思的,实际气体状态方程：,范德瓦尔斯方程。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Now, if you're an engineer, and you use the ideal gas law to design a chemical plant or a boiler or an electrical plant, you know, a steam plant, you're going to be in big trouble.

比如说锅炉，蒸汽机,我们会遇到一个大问题：,我们设计的机器将无法运作，因为对大部分实际气体。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

If z is greater than 1, then the real gas means that the atoms and molecules in the real gas are repelling each other and wants to have a bigger volume.

如果Z大于,说明实际气体的分子间斥力较强,体积比理想气体要大,我们可以查表找到。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选