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Well, the reason, the way that we can check it is just to see if it's in between our two extreme 1 cases. We know that it has to be more than 1, because even if we had total shielding, 1 we would at least feel is the effective of 1.
好的我们可以检查它的原因和方式是观察,它是否在我们的两种极端案例之间,我们知道它必须大于，因为即使如果我们有完全的屏蔽，我们最小感到的有效值是。
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9 or . 8 7 are possible, they actually aren't possible because even if we saw a total shielding, 1 the minimum z effective we would see is 1.
。39和0。87是可能的，实际上它们是不可能的因为即使,我们看到了一个完全的屏蔽，最小的有效电荷是。
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If markets were perfectly efficient, David Swensen could not have done what he did.
假设市场完全有效,大卫·斯文森就不可能有现在的成绩
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used to be absolutely received economic wisdom that financial markets were efficient.
金融市场是有效的,这曾经是被完全接受的经济学真理。
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He's another example that markets are really not efficient.
他的例子再次说明了市场不是完全有效的
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So if we have total +2 and complete shielding -1 where that can actually negate a full positive charge, because remember our nucleus is plus 2, +1 one of the electrons is minus 1, so if it totally blocks it, all we would have left from the nucleus is an effective charge of plus 1.
抵消一个完全的正电荷,因为记住我们的原子核是,其中一个电子是,所以如果它完全挡住了它，我们从原子核中留下的，全部有效电荷就是，所以，在我们的第一个例子中,我们的第一种极端情况。
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Part of the reason why I'm endorsing this market stability regulator is that there's no way we can set up a system that is both very effective in allocating resources and that is also very stable.
我赞成市场稳定性监控者,的部分原因是,没有方法建立一个,既能完全有效配置资源有非常稳定,的系统。
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In an extreme case b, we had a z effective of 2, so essentially what we had was no shielding at all.
我们有效的z是，所以本质上我们完全没有屏蔽。
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We know that it has to be equal to less than 2, because even if we had absolutely no shielding at 2 all, the highest z effective we could have is 2, so it makes perfect sense that we have a z effective that falls somewhere in the middle of those two.
我们知道它必须小于，因为即使完全没有一点屏蔽,最高的有效的z是，所以我们得到的有效电荷量处于,两者之间就非常讲得通了,让我们来看看另一个例子。
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