Whether Gadamer means that when he speaks of gap or whether he simply means an abyss or a distance to be crossed I couldn't say.
当葛达玛说到间隙时是那个意思,还是仅仅认为它是需要跨越的一个深渊或者一段距离,我不能确定。
He said, first, let it go a little distance, take the distance over time, that gives you the velocity now.
他说,首先,让它运动一小段距离,距离除以时间,你就能得到现在的速度
Now, instead of being the cost of traveling that distance to go and buy the product, what's it going to be?
不是走一定距离,去买产品的成本,它是什么呢
So, it's a trivial matter, by looking at what is the weight and how far does it drop, to say OK, how much work is done by the paddle wheel.
好,让我们看看重物的质量,以及它下落的距离,就知道桨轮做了多少功。
So, sometimes people get confused when they're solving problems and call the amplitude this distance all the way from the max to the min but it's only half of that because we're only going back to the average level.
解题的时候会弄错,把这个从,最大值到最小值的距离,叫做幅值,但实际上,只有它的一半,只是它和平均值的差距。
It has to be a bigger distance, a broader abyss, and that's what Iser is working with in the passages I'm about to quote.
它必须是一个更大的距离,更宽的深渊,这就是伊瑟尔在我想引用的那些话里面所试图说明的。
At infinity, there's no stored potential energy, and it drops off more and more negative as one over R.
在无限远处,没有储存的势能,并且它向负方向减少,当距离超过R时。
Because of the physics of diffusion it doesn't go linearly with distance.
由于扩散现象的物理特性,它和距离不是线性相关的
You adjust the lengths and when it balances, you can sort of tell what this mass is, right?
调整它与支点的距离,然后当它平衡时,你就能得到质量是多少,对吧
And what is discussed is that for a 1 s hydrogen atom, that falls at an a nought distance away from the nucleus.
我们讨论了对于氢原子1s轨道,它的最可能半径在距离原子核a0处。
So, essentially we're just breaking it up into two parts that can be separated, and the part that is only dealing with the radius, so it's only a function of the radius of the electron from the nucleus.
所以本质上我们把它写成,两个可分离的部分,这部分,只与半径有关,它仅仅是,电子,到核子距离的函数。
It creates as a distance between two points, rather than a straight line, an arabesque.
它加长了两点之间的距离,使它变得非直而曲。
Of course, you have allowed it to move a finite distance in a finite time.
你是让它在有限的时间内移动有限的距离
We talked about the Bohr model and how that told us an exact distance.
我们讨论过玻尔模型,以及它如何给出这个距离。
Let it go a little more, that gives you the velocity later.
让它再运动一小段距离,那就能得到稍后的速度
So, for example, if I have a sodium ion over here, and I have a chloride ion over here, where the distance from center to center r I'm denoting as r, this is nucleus to nucleus separation.
所以,比如这有一个钠离子,和一个氯离子,它们中心与中心间的距离,我把它设为,这是原子核和原子和的间距。
So this squared at the origin is going to be a very high probability, and it decays off as you get farther and farther away from the nucleus or from the center, and that's independent of the angle.
所以这个平方,在原点处非常高,随着离核子的距离,越来越远,它逐渐衰减,并且它和角度是没有关系的。
Here, in one second, it seems to have gone much further, so it's probably traveling faster.
在这一秒内,它似乎运动了更远的距离,所以这段时间它可能运动得更快
Alright. So, since we have these terms defined, we know the frequency and the wavelength, it turns out we can also think about the speed of the wave, and specifically of a light wave, and speed and is just equal to the distance that's traveled divided by the time the elapsed.
好了,我们已经定义了,这些术语,我们知道了,频率和波长,现在可以来考虑,波的速度了,特别是光波的速度,速度等于它走过的距离,除以所用的时间,因为我们。
We can use the Coulomb force law to explain this where we can describe the force as a function of r.
我们用库伦定律解释它,力作为距离r的函数,让我们考虑一下。
It makes sense, right, because they're the furthest away from the nucleus, they're the ones that are most willing to be involved in some chemistry or in some bonding, or those are the orbitals that are most likely to accept an electron from another atom, for example. So the valence electrons, those are the exciting ones.
它讲得通,对,因为它们距离,原子核最远,它们是最容易发生,化学反应和结合的地方,另一个原子的电子的轨道或者它们是,最容易接受,举个例子所以价电子,他们是活跃的电子。
So, we can use Coulomb's force law to think and it does that, it tells us the force is a function of that distance. But what it does not tell us, which if we're trying to describe an atom we really want to know, is what happens to the distance as time passes?
来考虑这两个粒子之间的,它告诉我们力随距离的函数关系,但它不能告诉我们,而我们如果要描述,原子又非常想知道的是,距离随时间的变化时怎样的?
So again, if we think of a graph of the wave function, we had the wave function is at its highest amplitude when it's lined up with the nucleus, and then as we got further away from the nucleus, the amplitude of the wave function ends up tapering off until it never hits zero exactly, but it goes down very low.
同样,如果我们想象一幅波函数的图,波函数在原子核的位置上,有着最高的振幅,随着与原子核距离变远,波函数振幅逐渐变小直到,它永远不会到零,但它会变得很小。
So again, if you're at X and the winner is at Y, it hurts you minus the distance between X and Y, in terms of your unhappiness, about having a winner who's far away from you, winning.
再说一遍,如果你在X且获胜者在Y,它对你的伤害等于X和Y之间的距离,即,当选人和你之间的距离,这就是你在选举之后郁闷的程度
So, we can just plug it in. Speed is equal to the distance traveled, which is lambda over the time elapsed, which is 1 over nu. so, we can re-write that as speed is equal to lambda nu times nu, and it turns out typically this is reported in meters per second or nanometers per second.
经过的距离和所花的时间,我们把它们带进来,速度等于经过的距离,也即是lambda除以,所花的时间,通常它的单位,是米每秒或者纳米每秒。
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