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So if we're talking about the third period, that starts with sodium and it goes all the way up to argon.
所以如果我们谈论第3个周期，它从钠开始,一直到氩。
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We just go through the list top to bottom, left to right, and cross names off as we go.
我们会从上到下，从左到右看那个问题清单，如果解决了就把名字擦掉。
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So, clearly, if we remove this barrier mixing takes place and obviously you know that that happens from lots of experience.
所以很明显，如果我们拿走隔板,气体混合就会发生,我们从大量的实际经验中就可以知道这些。
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In fact, if you start thinking more about the world from this perspective, the world we live in is crazy.
如果你开始更多的,从这个观点去思考这个世界,我们生存的世界是很疯狂的
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If you look at the world of Mycenae once again, we've already seen this, you have a despotism of some kind.
如果你重温一下迈锡尼,我们之前也讲过,你会从某种程度上想到专制
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If we do justice and if we respect rights, society as a whole will be better off in the long run.
如果我们秉持公正，尊重权利，从长远看，社会整体会发展得更好。
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And if we were to think about which one of these is better, it turns out that it's the same i in terms of formal charges, so that doesn't help us out.
而如果我们要考虑它们中的哪个更好，结果从形式电荷来看,它们之间没有区别，因此这不能帮我们进行判断。
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But look at the lattice energy, the Madelung energy component is huge which tells you that when ions form they really want to continue to glom onto one another and form that giant crystal.
看看晶格能，马德龙能很大,这告诉我们，当形成离子是,它们如果要继续的话,需要从另外一方夺取电子，形成巨大的晶体。
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Well if you think about these steps, here's an easy way to do it. Let's start at 1.
如果你要考虑步骤的话，这里有个简单的方法，让我们从第一步开始。
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So what if you could take cells from a healthy individual and put them into a diabetic individual?
所以如果我们可以从健康个体中提取细胞,植入糖尿病患者体内
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If you would think about education from the explicate point of view, and we think about the school age of youngsters' population, there is no doubt that content is very, very important.
如果从表面,探究教育，我们会想到,青少年的学龄，毫无疑问,教育的内容也极其重要。
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And where will people come from that, if they all follow the psychology of fear and ? self-interest that Hobbes wants to instill in us?
如果都按霍布斯灌输给我们的那样想，时刻保持着恐惧和利己的心态,那又从哪招募那些消防员，警察和军人呢？
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So,if we see areas that are particularly interesting, we're more than happy to deploy capital to take advantage of what we think are cheap assets or expensive assets.
如果发现特别有吸引力的投资领域,我们也非常乐意进行资产配置调整,从我们认为的那些便宜的,或昂贵的资产中获利
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Let's look at my payoffs from choosing these three options Up, Middle, and Down, if I think it's equally likely that my opponent will choose Left and Right.
我们来看一下我从上中下这三个策略中,分别能获得什么样的收益,如果我认为我对手,选择左或右的可能性相同
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We'll say a little bit about Beyond the Pleasure Principle, ; which is the crucial text for our purposes; but plainly apart from the influence of and the ideas borrowed from Freud, you'll find Brooks writing on what for you is pretty familiar turf.
我想花一点点时间说说《超越快乐原则》,这篇文章对于我们今天理解主题至关重要;,但是如果不看从弗洛伊德那里借来的思想和影响外，布鲁克斯所写的对于你们来说应该会很熟悉。
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If language can refer to just about everything from English to traffic signals, then we're not going to be able to find interesting generalizations or do good science about it.
如果语言能够表示一切,从英语到交通信号,那我们就无法得出各种有趣的概论,或是无法对语言进行科学的研究
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But now, what happens if, instead we look at what happens when we go to some state one to some other state two and it's the pressure. Or the volume, that changes.
但是现在，我们看看如果,我们关系从状态一变化到状态二时,体积或者压强发生变化。
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But odds are it's not sufficient just to get it from the user, I, the human need to be handed whatever this function got from the user in some form.
如果只是从用户，我这里获取，好像有点不太准确，我们得交出,该函数从用户那里得到的一切信息。
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If you look at this in graphical format, I mean, it's actually pretty remarkable just how many of us will be down there.
如果从绘画的角度来看，我的意思是，对于标示，我们中有多少人会到那里去,是很棒的。
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V2 So, if one goes to two and V1 goes to V2, and it's constant temperature, just what we've specified there.
如果状态1变到状态1并且体积从V1到，同时温度保持不变，这就是我们这里要讨论的问题。
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So, if we're talking about five different orbitals and we're talking about a ground state atom, we know that we just need to start at the bottom and work our way out up.
因此，如果我们要讨论的是,五个不同的轨道且是属于一个基态原子的话，我们知道，我们只需要从最低的轨道,开始一个一个往上找。
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If we look at carbon, if you look on your Periodic Table you will see this notation next to carbon, What are we learning here?
如果我们观察碳，如果你查阅元素周期表,你会看到碳旁边的符号，从这里我们能了解到什么呢？
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If you're stuck, if you're struggling, if you're not certain about something, please ask. We're not mind readers, we can't tell when you're struggling, other than sort of seeing the expression on your face, we need your help in identifying that.
如果你很差，如果你很纠结，如果你不确定某件事情，请问我们，我们不会读心术，我们没法儿看出来你们很纠结，除非能从你们的面部表情看出来，我们需要你们在这件事儿上的配合。
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The problems are set up so that, if you start down the right path, it should be pretty straight-forward to work it through If you start down a plausible but incorrect path, you can sometimes find yourself stuck in the weeds somewhere, and we want to bring you back in.
问题提出了，如果你从，一开始就走正确的道路，解决的途径,就一目了然了,如果你走上一条貌似正确但实际错误的道路，你会在某时某刻,发现自己陷入泥沼，于是我们就会把你拉回来。
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What Einstein then clarified for us was that we could also be talking about energies, and he described the relationship between frequency and energy that they're proportional, if you want to know the energy, you just multiply the frequency by Planck's constant.
爱因斯坦阐述的是我们,也可以从能量的角度来谈论，他描述频率和能量之间的关系,是成比例的，如果希望知道能量值，你用普朗克常数乘以频率就可以了。
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But if we look at the society that emerges, this Dark Age society that emerges from the ancient world of Mycenae, what you have is a rare human experience.
如果我们仔细观察这渐渐浮出水面的社会,这个从古代迈锡尼文明浮现出来的,黑暗时代的社会,你会得到一些相当宝贵的经验
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Well, he says because in the long run, if we do justice and if we respect rights, society as a whole will be better off in the long run.
他说，因为从长远看，如果我们秉持公正，尊重权利，社会整体会发展得更好。
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What if we could just take a few cells from that donor organ, ship them to the site, grow a new organ at the site and then implant it there?
如果我们只需,从供体器官中取一些细胞,把他们放到适当的位置培养出新的器官,就完成了移植过程,这又意味着什么
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So although I'll be largely talking from the perspective of the physicalists If you haven't become convinced of the physicalism so at least explore what will we say about death if we've decided that people are basically just bodies.
所以虽然我会经常,从物理主义的角度讨论,但如果你不信服物理主义,至少也探究一下如果我们认为,人仅仅是肉体,我们会如何看待死亡。
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So if we have total +2 and complete shielding -1 where that can actually negate a full positive charge, because remember our nucleus is plus 2, +1 one of the electrons is minus 1, so if it totally blocks it, all we would have left from the nucleus is an effective charge of plus 1.
抵消一个完全的正电荷,因为记住我们的原子核是,其中一个电子是,所以如果它完全挡住了它，我们从原子核中留下的，全部有效电荷就是，所以，在我们的第一个例子中,我们的第一种极端情况。
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