And so if one is looking to keep protein at a certain level, then these sort of foods would get favored.

但还不是全部 而如果要使体内蛋白维持在某种水平上,那这些食物会比较受青睐

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

It's on the gene for hemoglobin and the hemoglobin that you produce if you have sickle cell anemia is not quite right because there's one base difference.

这个缺陷基因和血红蛋白有关,如果你有镰状红细胞贫血症,那你所产生的血红蛋白就不太正常,因为这里有一个碱基不同

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So, for example, if you were interested in some protein involved in cancer, you could tag it with GFP.

例如，如果你对和癌症有关的,蛋白质感兴趣，你可以用GFP标记它。

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Here's an example where we'd like to make insulin, or having the insulin gene would be useful, but if we could take the insulin gene and make many copies of the insulin protein that would be a very useful thing.

例子就是我们人工制造胰岛素,胰岛素基因就很有用,但如果我们可以用胰岛素基因,复制很多胰岛素蛋白,这将会是非常有裨益的一件事

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If that protein is an enzyme then you've and you've switched it from an 'off' position where it's not catalyzing a reaction to an 'on' position where it is, you've changed the biochemical state of the cell, you've changed the chemical reactions that can occur within the cell, and you've changed its behavior.

如果这种蛋白是一种酶的话,你就能够将酶从无催化作用的静息态,激活至能催化反应的激活态,你改变了细胞的生化状态,也改变了细胞内发生的化学反应,改变了细胞的行为

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Antibodies look like this, they're big proteins, if you looked at them under a microscope or if you looked at them in cartoons they're shaped like the letter Y.

抗体看起来就像这样,它们是大型蛋白,如果你用显微镜观察抗体,或者从图上看的话,它们都呈字母Y形

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

And you could interfere with a translation by degrading messenger RNA, for example. If you had a way to specifically chew up all the RNA molecules that are responsible for making a particular protein, you could stop it from being expressed even though your cell is trying to make it.

而你就可以通过,降解其mRNA来进行干扰,再举个例子,如果你能把表达特定蛋白的RNA,统统揪出来捣毁的话,你也能阻止这段基因表达,哪怕是你的细胞在努力表达这段基因

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选