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OK. So if we have variables, one of the questions we can ask is, what's the type of the variable.
好，如果我们有了一个变量，我们要问的问题之一就是，这个变量的类型是什么？
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You have to have a good public transportation system when you have as many people here as we do.
如果你那儿和我们这儿的人一样多，你们得有一个良好的公共交通系统。
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OK, clearly we'd be much better off if we had some systematic quantitative way to tell whether something would happen spontaneously.
好，如果我们有一些系统定量的方法来判断,一个过程是否会自发进行,那就会更好了。
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So we have 4 plus 5, but we're actually not done yet, because it's c n minus, so if we have minus, we actually have an extra electron in our molecule.
我们有四个加上五个，但是我们实际上还没做完，因为这是个负离子，所以如果我们有这个负号，那么我们的分子实际上还有一个额外的电子。
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So you sort of have a zero-base budgeting model of, "If we were a start-up, what would we do? How would we organize to deliver value to the customers?"
所以得有一个零基础预算模式，如果我们从头开始，我们该做什么,我们如何组织以带给客户价值“
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That Joseph, a Semitic foreigner, could be elevated to an important post, the post of governor, is a little less surprising, if we suppose there was a Semitic regime.
约瑟夫，外来闪族，可能被提拨到高位，统治者的位置，这也就不那么令人惊奇了，如果我们假设当时有一个闪族王国。
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If you have this so-called base case, can we actually get to a definitive answer eventually?
如果有了这个所谓的基本条件，那我们最终,能得到一个明确的答案吗？
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And we have this myth that if you go into more than 3 libraries in your freshman year, you will not graduate.
我们有这样一个传说，如果你在大一的时候去过三个以上的图书馆，那你就毕不了业。
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On the other hand, if we have a perfect covalence bond, we have identical equal sharing.
另一方面，如果我们有一个完美的共价键，有相同程度的电子共享。
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Let's just ask the question,Is it true that the soul theory-- if only there were souls-- is it true that the soul theory would at least have the following advantage?
让我们就问一个问题，如果灵魂理论是真-,如果有灵魂的存在-,灵魂理论就能有以下优势吗？
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If I had a third axis, I would draw a k, but we don't need that.
如果有第三根轴,我可以画一个矢量 k,但我们现在不需要它
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Basic idea, before I even look at the code, is pretty simple. If I've got a list that is sorted, in let's call it, just in increasing order, and I haven't said what's in the list, could be numbers, could be other things, for now, we're going to just assume they're integers.
我们可以说基本的思想是很简单的,如果我有一个排好序的数组，让我们认为这个数组是递增的吧，我并没说数组里元素是什么，可能是数字，也可能是其他的东西，现在我们假设是integer类型的数字吧，最简单的方式就是这么做了：
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if you've got a hill or valley and there's a cart on wheels it's going to go down to the bottom.
如果我们有一座山或者山谷，并且,有一个有轮子的车，这辆车会自动滑到底部。
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They'll keep trying to get it going, but maybe we should move on with our lives here while this is happening, and we'll click it back at the end, and if we have a nice set up at any point, I'll just stop and we'll go back and we'll look at it again.
它们会一直让它保持运动，但是或许我们应该,在这个过程中离开一会儿，我们在最后点击它，如果我们在每一个点,都有一个好的装置，我就会停止然后,返回再去看看它。
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And then, if we have time at the end, we'll introduce one last topic, which is isoelectronic atoms and ions.
最后，如果有时间的话，我们将再介绍最后一个主题：,等电子原子与离子。
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If we say we have a system, and it's in its surroundings.
如果我们有一个系统，它在环境中。
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Similarly, if we were to look at the radial probability distributions, what we would find is that there's an identical nodal structure.
相似地如果我们看看,径向概率分布,我们会发现有一个完全相同的波节结构。
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So, we would actually need a really, really, really tiny velocity here to actually overcome the size of the mass, if we're talking about macroscopic particles, to have a wavelength that's going to be on the order.
是10的负34次方焦耳每秒,所以如果我们谈论的是要一个，宏观粒子有相应数量级的波长的话，我们需要一个非常非常非常小的速度来。
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Can we have one between these two carbons here if we have one here?
这两个碳原子之间能有吗？,如果我们有一个？
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And what's important to keep in mind about formal charge is if we have a neutral atom, such as we did in thionyl chloride here, the sum of the individual formal charges on individual atoms within the molecule have to equal 0.
而关于形式电荷记住一点是很重要的,那就是如果我们有一个中性原子，比如亚硫酰氯，那么这个分子中的所有原子的,形式电荷之和应该等于零。
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int A Well, one, function has called swap, takes one int called A, printf followed by another int called B, and as we've seen with print F, if you have multiple arguments, you separate them by commas.
好的，函数叫做swap，一个参数是，另一个参数是int，B，我们看到的,如果你有好几个参数，把它们用逗号分开。
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So if we have a 3 d orbital, we're talking about n minus l minus 1, what is n equal to? What is l equal to?
如果我们有一个3d轨道，我们用ｎ减去ｌ减去１,ｎ等于多少？ｌ等于多少？
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If we have a double bond, we know we need to have only one sigma bond, and we're also going to have one pi bond.
如果我们有双键，我们知道我们需要一个sigma键，还需要一个π键。
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For example, we know that if a body is near the surface of the Earth, the force of gravity of that object seems to be m times g, where g is 9.8.
例如,我们知道,如果在地球表面有一个物体,该物体受到的重力大小为 m 与 g 的乘积,g 等于 9.8
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So, if we have a high intensity, we're talking about having more photons per second, and it's important to know also what that does not mean.
所以，如果我们有一个高强度，我们就是在讨论每秒钟,有更多的光子数，同样理解它不代表什么,也是很重要的。
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We can know this information even if we just knew that the bond was stronger, we wouldn't need to look at a graph here, because it turns out that if you have a stronger bond, -- that also means that you have a shorter bond -- those two are correlated.
我们依然可以得到上面的信息,即使我们所知道仅仅是这个键更强，我们不需要去看这个图，因为事实上如果你有一个更强的键，这也就意味着你有一个更短的键-,这两点是互相关联的。
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If instead we had a positive ion, a cation, what we would have to do is subtract 1.
如果我们有一个带正电的离子，一个正离子，那我们就需要再减去一个。
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But we see if we have a free electron, as we do in this dotted line here, that's going to be a higher energy that's less stable.
但是我们看到如果,我们有一个自由电子，就像虚线所示那样，那将会是一个较高的,不够稳定的能量。
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So if we talk about hydrogen, how many valence electrons are we talking about? 1.
如果我们讨论的是氢的话，它应该有多少价电子？一个。
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If we have, coming along this z axis, another carbon atom, we can actually form one bond between the two carbon atoms there.
如果我们在z方向，有另外一个碳原子，我们可以在,两个碳原子之间形成一个键。
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