In other words, we no longer say, "How does the author exert autonomous will with respect to the subject matter being expressed?"
换言之,我们不会再说,“作者是如何在尊重所要表达的主题的前提下,把独立的意愿加进去的?“
You know, so he's seen me work in a lot of different contexts, so he was able to write a letter that said,
所以,他知道我在不同的环境下是如何工作的,这样他在给我写推荐信时才会说出以下这番话。
And it's not hard to see how the heat of reaction at room temperature can be related to they heat of reaction at other temperatures.
知道室温下的反应热,如何与其他温度下的反应,热联系起来这点并不困难。
Not in the next problems set but in the problem set after that, we'll be exploiting that facility of dictionaries. All right.
好,下一个问题是,我们如何来利用,字典的便利性,好。
Next time I'm going to actually talk about how did these 27 different diverse documents come to be included in the New Testament?
下一堂我会讲,这27卷书是如何,被收入新约的?
There's of course the queue guy but we survey students throughout the term and we asked them a matter of fact what should we communicate to this semester's student body.
也询问了在我身后排队的同学,我们整个学期都在学生中做调查,我们问他们,应该如何跟下一届的全体同学沟通。
So, with these questions in mind, I want you think about how we can see the novel and how we can think about it in the face of the interpretation that's already layered on to it.
所以,带着这些问题,我想让你们想一下,在已经有解释的情况下,我们应该如何去看,如何去思考这部小说?
If you have a computer that plays chess and you want to explain how the computer plays chess, it's impossible to do so without talking about the programs and mechanisms inside the computer.
如果你有一台能下国际象棋的计算机,你想要解释计算机是如何下国际象棋的,如果你不谈程序以及计算机的内部结构,那你就不能对它如何下国际象棋,给出解释。
And given that, what should we defend?
这种情况下,我们又该如何设防呢
We can still say the reason that we got the same personality in the normal case that some physical explanation of whether person, what houses the personality, but for all that, the key to personal identity is same personality.
我们还可以说清楚,在一般情况下如何得到,同样的人格,我们得弄清楚,是什么储存了人格,但是首先我们得认可,人格同一性的关键在于同样的人格。
The person who does that best is Michael Pollan, and when you read his book, In Defense of Food, he spends some time in the book defining what food is and working through this--this quagmire of how do we define food and what's acceptable to eat, what's socially acceptable, what's personally acceptable.
这一点上迈克尔·伯伦做得最好,你们可以看看他写的书《为食物辩护》,他在书中给食物下了定义,并深入地探讨了这个难题,即如何区分食物与能吃的东西,社会普遍接受的东西,个人能够接受的东西
Once you're doing this on your own, -- especially, for example, on exam 2, which is a ways down the road, you won't be able to look at those steps, so you need to make sure that you can go through them without looking at them, but for now we can look at them as we are actually learning how to draw the Lewis structures, and rather just go through them step-by-step, it's more interesting to do it with an example.
每当你要画一个路易斯结构的时候,特别是,比如,在第二次考试中,在不远的将来,你将看不到这张表,因此你需要确保自己在不看这张表,的情况下也能按照上面的流程来画,但是目前我们是可以看着这张表,来学习如何画路易斯结构的,而相比于一步一步地讲,通过例子来演示一下会更有意思。
And it's also just really funny to watch how people help each other in that situation.
看人们在那种情景下如何互相帮助也真是件有趣的事情。
It's said that I always stop to correct names for any reason. But certainly about your name.
不论如何,我总是会停下来,确保没有读错你们的名字,这下没有读错了。
So how do these musicians generate two hours of music with no music in front of them?
那这些音乐家是如何持续演出两个小时的呢,在没有乐谱的情况下
I think that we're probably going that way anyway and I think that in the next presidential administration we'll see an expansion of the role of the Fed.
我想我们正超那方面发展,无论如何,那都是,下一任总统的事情了,我们将看到联邦政府的职权在扩大。
is actually looking at how to regulate greenhouse gases under existing environmental laws,
其职务是研究在现行的环境法下如何管理温室气体的排放,
And he's seen me work under pressure.
而且他见过我如何在压力下工作。
Which is a way of reminding you that I need to think as I write the code about what are my expectations from the input, and how might I enforce them.
通过这个我在提醒大家,在写代码的时候,要搞清楚对输入的期望,并思考下如何执行这些期望。
We know how the volume and temperature vary with respect to each other at constant pressure.
知道在恒定压强下,体积如何随着温度变化。
Just a little bit about navigating the information that's available for the readings of the class: everything is available electronically.
再谈一下如何浏览,本课程相关阅读资料,所有的资料都是电子版的
We'll turn eventually to the question, how should we live in light of the fact that death is the end?
我们将最终将要探讨,在知道死亡就是终结的情况下我们该如何生存?
There's a whole bunch of blocks that we'll look at in more fun detail on Friday but I'm going to pick the easiest one here and I'm going to type Hello CS50 in this string, "Hello CS50", zooming in say how nice the puzzle pieces are nicely interlocked?
今天我们看到的各种图块,到下周五我会仔细讲解其中的精妙之处,但今天我只想举一个最简单的例子,我要在这儿键入字符串,放大窗口,然后看看这漂亮的图形和文字,是如何美妙地连结在一起的?
And if you just look at the numbers, you can see how it cuts in from one side and then the other side as it keeps narrowing that range until it gets down to the place where there are at most two things left, and then it just has to check those two to say whether it's there or not.
你能看到他是如何不断的,从一个大的范围被拦腰劈开,知道最终只剩下两个数字,然后就只需要,比一比就知道结果了,将它同线性查找比较下。
So, here's video so you could see how this experiment is done.
这有一个视频,你可以看下该实验是如何进行的
That's a little bit of a tricky question but-- So, do the best you can on it and think-- try to think about what this kind of theory would imply for gambling behavior.
这个问题有些难度,但是...,尽力思考这个问题,思考下这一理论,该如何应用到赌博行为上去
I wanted to mention in this context, because I'm emphasizing how banks help solve the adverse selection and moral hazard problem -I wanted to mention briefly here also the rating agencies, which fulfill some of these functions.
我早就想在这段内容里讲讲这事了,因为我一直强调,银行是如何帮助解决逆向选择,以及道德风险问题的...,我还一直想在这里简要的提下,本应履行这些职能的那些信用评级机构
But through using this sort of computer generation, and then asking people what they think of this face, what they think of that face, scientists have come to some sense as to what really makes a face attractive, both within cultures and across cultures.
但是通过使用电脑合成,然后问人们,他们觉得这个长相如何,那个长相如何,科学家多少了解到,怎样才算是迷人的面孔,无论是在一种文化下还是跨文化的
So we have this condition that's established in a quantity that we know how to calculate.
在种种条件下,我们得到了一个我们知道如何计算的物理量。
Well a calorie technically--and this is again, not something that we would ever quiz you on but I just thought you might be interested to know-- that it's the energy required to raise one gram of water one degree centigrade, and we'll talk in a minute about you might go about measuring that.
理论上一卡路里,我重复下,这不是考试内容,但我想你们会感兴趣,一卡路里,是将一克水提升1℃所需要的热量,过会儿我们会讲如何测量
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