You can read Jeremiah and Isaiah and some of the great Old Testament prophets in some ways as defenders of slavery.

你可以读一读耶利米书和以赛亚书,在《旧约》中,还有些在某些方面,作为奴隶制拥护者的的伟大先知们的著作

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

Your question relates not only to my personal family, but to the ancestors in faith, the little ancestors in terms of slaves.

你的问题不仅与我个人的家庭有关，更与有信仰的祖先们相关，与早期的奴隶们有关。

普林斯顿公开课 - 人性课程节选

When we start hearing from our pro-slavery advocates and writers they would've loved that.

那些奴隶制的拥护者和作者们,照理说他们应该会喜欢这样的说法

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

The slave trade revolving around tobacco or cotton or coffee or sugar would tend to mix slaves and laborers from different language backgrounds, in part deliberately, so as to avoid the possibility of revolt.

为了获得烟草,棉花,咖啡,或糖块的奴隶交易,会将来自不同语言背景的奴隶,和劳动者们混在一起,这也在某种程度上,谨慎地避免了可能的造反

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Serfs who are compelled to work the land, or in some places even slaves, well, they have no incentive, put aside the question even of capacity, to invest capital for the purpose of improving the size and quality of the their crops, their trees, their vines.

那些被强迫耕种土地的农奴,或者是那些在其他地方直接成为奴隶的人,刨除能动性因素,农场主们,没有任何理由投资钱财,去改善他们农作物,果树和葡萄,的种植规模和品质

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

But how do we get to 1861 and that secession crisis with Alexander H. Stephens delivering this Cornerstone Speech, declaring that, "Hey folks, it's all about slavery and its preservation?"

但事情怎么会演变到1861年那样,乃至之后的分离危机,亚历山大为何能在这篇演讲中,宣称,"嘿,伙计们,今天我要讲的是奴隶制和对其保护"

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

A number of men, as one historian has written, I think quite effectively, "Mounted from log cabin to mansion" and I quote "On a stairway of cotton bales accumulating slaves as they went."

一些人就像一位历史学家写的那样,我觉得非常犀利,引述一段,"小木屋通往大厦的阶梯正是由,奴隶们用棉花包堆积成的"

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

He's going to ameliorate their conditions, he's going to make their slavery on his plantations so effective, so good, such a even joyous form of labor, that he will be doing God's work by improving slavery.

他会改善奴隶们的生活条件,他会让自己种植园的奴隶们,提高工作效率,优化管理模式,奴隶甚至是一种令人享受的工作,他会按照上帝的旨意提升奴隶的生活水平

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

But it's amazing to read the letters and the language of slave traders when they write to each other, the complacency, the mixture of just pure racism on the one hand and just business language on the other.

当你阅读到那些奴隶商们,在往来的书信中所使用的言辞时,会令你非常震惊的,一面是混合在纯粹的种族歧视中的自满,另一面是那种完全商业化的措辞

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

He carves down the forest, he begins to cultivate the land and he declares what you got to have for success in the South is "A house, some land and some niggers."

他命令奴隶们砍倒树木,他开始翻耕这片土地,同时他声称,在南方,成功就必须要有,"一栋房子,一片土地和一些黑奴"

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选

He likened Charleston, South Carolina though this was in the 1780s he likened Charleston, South Carolina to what he called, quote, "The barbarous institutions and traits, especially slavery, the self-indulgence of the planters" and then he concludes "Just like Lima, Peru."

他把南卡罗来纳的查尔斯顿比作,那是在十八世纪八十年代,他把南卡罗来纳的查尔斯顿比作,"野蛮的制度和习性,尤其是奴隶制,种植园主们醉生梦死,自我放纵",然后他总结道,"就像秘鲁的利马一样"

耶鲁公开课 - 美国内战与重建课程节选