It wasn't only in Sweden, Austria, Russia, France, etc. where you found this.

不仅在瑞典,奥地利,俄罗斯,法国等国家是这样

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

So, the size of the armies for these megalomaniac wars, these dynastic wars between Austria and France and then they changed partners in 1756, and all of this business.

随着战争的规模也日益增大,各国争相扩军,例如法国与奥地利之间的王朝战争,这两个国家在1756年成为盟友,战争也随之结束了

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

He transforms Russia into an European absolute monarchy with much in common with Frederick the Great, with Sweden, with Austria, the Austria of the Hapsburgs, with Spain, and with France.

他将俄国变成一个欧洲君主专制国家,同腓特烈大帝非常类似,也与瑞典,奥地利,哈布斯王朝的奥地利,西班牙 以及法国类似

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Given the very different route that Prussia, Austria, Russia, Sweden and France went with a centralization of absolute rule, why did it work out so differently for England/Britain and the Netherlands?

在选择政体时,当普鲁士,奥地利,俄国,瑞典,法国,都伴随着中央集权走上绝对主义国家的道路,为什么英国和荷兰会如此与众不同呢

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选