And through this way behaviorists have developed token economies where they get nonhuman animals to do interesting things for seemingly arbitrary rewards like poker chips.

通过这种方式,行为主义者们发明了代币法,他们用一种特定的类似于扑克筹码的奖励,来训练非人类动物。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

The brothers desire to hear justice praised for itself alone, and that seems to be expressive of their own freedom from mercenary motives and incentives.

这对兄弟档,想听到正义自我礼赞，这似乎也显露出,他们不受金钱目的,及奖励约束的自由。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

And so, rewarding children has a danger, which is if you give them too much reward and too much a value for what they're doing they will denigrate the activity.

所以奖励孩子是有隐患的，如果你给他们太多奖励,赋予他们的活动太多价值,他们就会贬低这个活动。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

When we look at their brain and the same task, we are getting the same behavior that making the same amount of money, we see very little activation in this area.

在进行行为和奖励相同的试验时，我们观察到，他们的大脑在这一区域里很少出现活动。

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In fact though, the children who you reward later on think that this activity has less value and they are less likely to do it when there's no reward present.

但事实上，拿到奖励的孩子会想,这个活动的价值变低了，如果没有奖励,他们就不太可能会再做。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选