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So let's have a clicker question here on how many total pi bonds do you expect to see in benzene?
让我们来做个课堂习题,你们觉得苯环里有一共多少个π键？
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Well, I wonder how many tires would that take.
哇，那该配备多少个轮胎啊！
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So I mentioned you should be able to identify both how many nodes you have and what a graph might look like of different radial probability distributions.
我说过你们要能够辨认,不同的径向概率分布有多少个节点,以及它的图画出来,大概是什么样的。
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So, if you want to estimate how many grammatical sentences under twenty words in English, the answer is, "A lot."
如果你想估计一下,用二十个英文单词,可以组成多少个符合语法的句子,答案会是,"很多"
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I once counted the number of times he used the word the letter--O--in that poem, and I quit counting.
我曾经数过他到底在诗里用了多少个"啊",最后我放弃了
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Classical, maybe a little more than that, but not all that many. Here's-- I don't know, we should do a survey sometime.
古典音乐,也许稍多一点,但没有多少,大概,我不清楚,也许应该找时间做个调查
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And so, I get some power. I get the ability to store arbitrary things, but what just happened to my complexity?
但是复杂度变了,找到第k个元素,要花多少时间呢？
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How many electrons in the one electron system, right?
一个单电子系统中有多少个电子，对吗？
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A seed,a strength,a virtue,a competence that other teachers did not see, because they did not ask this question; because they asked,metaphorically speaking, ?" "how many geometric shapes do you see on the screen?"
潜能，优点，品德，能力,这些是其他老师没看到的，因为他们没提出这个问题;,打个比方，他们只会问，“你在屏幕上看到多少个几何图案“
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How many people would say that's an issue?
多少人认为这算个问题
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And if we go on to step three where we figure out how many we would need for full octets, it's just going to be 2 times 8, so we have 16.
而如果我们继续到第三步,判断一下填满所有“八隅体“需要多少个价电子，结果应该就是二乘以八，也就是十六个。
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So let's go to a second clicker question here and try one more. So why don't you tell me how many possible orbitals you can have in a single atom that have the following two quantum numbers?
让我们来看下一道题目,你们来告诉我,有多少个可能的轨道,含有这些量子数呢？
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Okay, but it may be-- how many national anthems around the world do we have in minor keys?
好了,但是也许,世界上有多少个国家的国歌,采用的是小调呢
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So let's do a quick clicker question, and you tell me how many valence electrons does fluorine have? Remember, valence electrons are different from core, they're only the outer-most electrons in the outer-most shell.
那么让我们来做一个小选择题，请大家来告诉我,氟有多少个价电子，要记得，价电子与芯电子不同，它们是在最外壳层的最靠外面的电子。
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Yup, so one total node, 2 minus 1 is 1, and that means since l is equal to 1, we have one angular nodes, and that leaves us with how many radial nodes?
一个节点，２减去１等于１,因为ｌ等于１,我们有一个角向节点，那剩下径向节点有多少个呢？
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So there's two different orbitals that can have these three quantum numbers, but if we're talking about electrons, we can also talk about m sub s, so if we have two orbitals, how many electrons can we have total?
所以有两个轨道可以有,这三个量子数，但如果我们讲的是电子，我们还要考虑ｍ小标ｓ,如果我们有两个轨道，一共有多少个电子呢？
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All right, so hopefully if you see any other combination of quantum numbers, for example, if it doesn't quickly come to you how many orbitals you have, you can actually try to write out all the possible orbitals and that should get you started.
所以希望你们如果遇到,任何其它的量子数组合的问题，如果你们不能马上想到有多少个轨道，可以试着先写出所有的轨道,这是个不错的切入点。
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Let's look now at a p orbital, so how many total nodes do we have here?
让我们来看看ｐ轨道，它有多少个节点呢？
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/2 So this would mean the bond order is equal to 1/2, and in terms of valence electrons, how many bonding valence electrons do we have?
这意味着键序等于，对于价电子，有多少个成键价电子？
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So for a 2 s orbital, how many total nodes will we have?
对于２ｓ轨道，有多少个节点？
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How many do we need to get full valence shells everywhere?
要得到全部是满壳层需要多少个？
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And we're actually going to get a little bit deeper in our clicker questions here, since when you do your problem-set it won't be quite this straight forward that you'll be answering this kind of question, but actually you'll be thinking about how many different orbitals can have certain state functions or certain orbital names.
事实上我们要讲的,比这个问题还要深一些，因为当你们做习题集的时候,你们不会遇到这么明显的问题，而是要考虑有多少个轨道,有某种特定的态函数,或者特定的轨道名字。
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It's not how many family members you have when you're here.
并非是你此时有多少个家庭成员
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Now, how many parts are there in the texture?
现在,织体中有多少个声部
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Also, what's the energy per photon of this red laser pointer, and then it's also worth trying a calculation dealing with intensity. So let's also try calculating the numbers of photons that would be emitted by this laser pointer, if, for example, we were to use it for 60 seconds and this were a one milliwatt laser.
同样，红色激光笔的,每个光子能量是多少，这也值得用处理强度的方法计算一下,让我们也计算一下,有多少光子会从这个激光笔射出，举个例子，如果我们使用它持续60秒,这里会有一毫瓦的激光。
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So, this should be pretty straight forward, 100% let's see if we can get close to a 100% on this one, which is how many radial nodes does a 4 p orbital have?
很简单,让我们来看看这题，我们是不是可以接近%,对于一个4p轨道，它有多少个节点？,给你们10秒钟？
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And we can generalize to figure out, based on any principle quantum number n, how many orbitals we have of the same energy, n and what we can say is that for any shell n, there are n squared degenerate orbitals.
我们可以总结出来，在，主量子数为n的情况下，同一个能量上，有多少个轨道，我们可以说，对任何壳层，有n平方个简并轨道。
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All we have to figure out is how many nodes we're dealing with and then we can get the general shape of the graph here.
我们要知道的就是有多少个节点,然后我们就能得到图的大致形状了。
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How many parts do you hear in it?
你们听到了多少个声部
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How many people scored above sixty?
有多少同学圈了60个以上的？
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