Make a lot of the virus, it has all of its antigenic epitopes on it, but we'll just kill it so that it can't replicate.

先增殖出大量的病毒,病毒表面有特定的抗原决定簇,然后杀死病毒使其无法复制

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Yeast cells were grown in large numbers with this plasmid inside, they expressed the plasmid and so you made Hepatitis B surface antigen not in people but in cell culture where it was not normally formed.

体内携带这种质粒的酵母细胞大量增殖,它们表达质粒,因此,乙型肝炎表面抗原不是在人体内,而是在细胞培养环境下,以非正常方式形成的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Another subset of T-cells called T helper cells will recognize that signal by direct contact with it, and they will become activated and proliferate.

另外一个T细胞的亚群是辅助性T细胞,辅助性T细胞可识别与其接触的抗原信号,并被激活,开始增殖

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The antibody that they stimulate is antibody that's specific to this antigen that was presented earlier.

这些由辅助性T细胞,刺激增殖产生的抗体是,对应之前出现的抗原而产生的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

In the case of the helper cells they stimulate a specific population of B-cells to mature into antibody producing cells, and that antibody is generated against the antigen that stimulated it.

以辅助性T细胞为例,辅助性T细胞刺激特定的B细胞,使这些细胞成长为抗体分泌细胞,抗体分泌细胞产生大量的抗体,以消灭大量增殖的抗原

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选