If the student hasn't mastered the basic concept, we will make sure that the grade scheme gives a failing grade.
如果学生没有掌握基本的概念,我们会确保,成绩将会不及格。
If a person has the basic concept down, regardless of numerical errors, if the person has the basic concept down, he or she must get at least five out of ten.
如果一个人有一些基本的概念,不管一些数字上的错误,如果他有基本的概念,至少都能够得到一半的分。
There's a zeroth law The zeroth law every one of these laws basically defines the quantity in thermodynamics and then defines the concept.
有第零定律,这些定律中的每一条都定义了,热力学中一个基本物理量的概念,第零定律定义了温度。
Now. I want to move away from statistics and talk about present values, which is another concept in finance that is fundamental.
好的,讲到这里我将离开统计学,讨论一下现值,这是金融学中的另一个基本概念
So that you will come away with a sense of what you can do, what you can't do, and what kinds of things you should use to tackle complex problems.
因此你们才能对,你们能做的事儿,不能做的事儿,和用何方法去,解决棘手问题有一个基本概念。
It seems to just violate one of our fundamental notions about how people work,metaphysically speaking.
这似乎违背了一个基本概念,即是从形而上学观点看关于人存在的基本看法。
So I'm going to take the same basic idea back to the politics model.
所以我在回顾政治模型时,会讨论同样的基本概念
Okay. This is a first walk through some essential ideas.
好,这样我们就奖励一遍基本概念了。
I hope that makes sense as background, and I'm just going to basically illustrate that basic concept with a few examples throughout the rest of the lecture.
我希望将这些作为背景,在这堂课接下来的时间里,我会用一些例子来说明这些基本的概念
If you follow through from the independent theory, there's one of the basic relations in probability theory-- it's called the binomial distribution.
如果继续往下看,在概率论里有一个基本的概念,叫做二项分布
This is another concept that is very basic to statistics, but it has particular use in finance, so I'll give you a financial example.
这是统计学中又一个基本概念,在金融学中广泛使用,那我就举一个金融领域的例子
You recall when we talked about Plato, we introduced the notion of essential properties.
你们还记得我们说起柏拉图的时候,我们介绍了基本性质的概念。
Well, we've already looked at the basic notion.
我们会来看一个基本概念。
This is the basic idea.
这是基本概念。
My system is whatever's inside the box.
先定义一下基本概念。
So, if you propagate that through the whole year, and you have the basic mastery of the concepts, 50 is a pass.
如果你一整年都在认真学,那你就可以掌握基本的概念,50分就可以通过。
If the person has not mastered the basic concept, the person must fail, must get four or less.
如果他没有掌握基本的概念,那就一定不能通过考试,只得十分之四或更少。
It seems to violate one of the fundamental metaphysical things about how people work.
这似乎违背了形而上学理论关于人存在的基本概念。
What I'm really referring to is what I think is the very original, the deep concept that underlies theoretical finance-- I wanted to get that first.
今天我要教授的知识,我认为是金融理论中最基本最核心的概念,我想先说说这个
We'll have to come back to that--these are basic concepts.
让我们回到这些基本的概念来
Another concept that's very basic here is covariance.
另一个基本的概念是协方差
Let's start with the basic idea.
就从基本概念开始吧。
If we did a--if we go another two decimals-- if we did a million policies, then we would--this would almost just be a spike here at that point, so that's the concept of insurance.
如果我们在一万后面加两个零,如果我们签了一百万份保单,那么这条曲线基本就是尖形了,这些都是保险的相关概念
We're going to keep using the things that exist in space, virtual or not, and the things that unfold in time in their relationship with each other as we continue to try to understand these basic principles which shape so much of subsequent literary theory. Thank you.
我们将继续解释事物的存在,无论它们是否可见,我们会学习语言在一段时间里的关系,随着我们继续学习这些基本的概念,我们会进一步理解文学理论,谢谢。
Again, the point today is not for you to understand in detail all these mechanisms but to understand how those basic concepts we talked about last time, basic concepts of cell communication if arranged in the right kinds of ways can lead to complex outcomes.
再说一次 今天的重点不是,要你理解这些机制的细节,而是借此理解上节课讲的基本概念,细胞通讯的基本概念如果安排得当,可以产生非常复杂的反应
You're not going to need to know a lot about this for this course, but this is--I wanted to get the basic ideas down.
对于本门课程来说,你不必,对刚才讲的概率的知识有很深入的了解,我只想介绍一些概率论的基本概念
I want to talk about a couple of other basic concepts in economics of interest rates.
接下来要讲其它几个经济学中,与利率有关的基本概念
And see the basic idea and why it's wonderful? Alright.
大家都明白了基本概念,和它的优点了吗?好的。
That is the fundamental idea that may seem simple and obvious to you, but it certainly wasn't back when the idea first came up.
刚才讲的就是最基本的概念,可能看起来比较简单明显,但这些概念刚出现时并不被广泛理解
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