This of course brings us to the issue of "gaps" and the role that they play in the act of reading as Iser understands it.

这理所当然地把我们引到了“间隙“的问题上“,以及照伊瑟尔的理解,间隙在阅读中起到的作用。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

The poem on the morning of Christ's nativity serves as Milton's preparation for something greater than itself.

圣诞清晨歌》这首诗,在弥尔顿准备阶段起到一个比诗本身要大的作用。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

So although the New Critics were fed up with philological criticism, I don't mean to be condescending toward it or to suggest that it didn't play a crucially important role in the evolution of literary studies.

所以，虽然新批判主义,对语言学批判主义不满，但是并不是要否认语言学批判主义,在文学研究发展过程中,起到的重要作用。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

That's a very dispersed system but it still works because member banks keep deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks and they're required to keep these deposits.

这是一个非常分散的系统,但是它还是能起到很好的作用因为会员银行,在联邦储备银行里付保证金,并且它们被要求付这些保证金。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

So in this case, the communication worked but am I right in thinking that the communication isn't such an instant solution as it was in the game we saw last time?

在这个博弈中,交流起到了作用,但是能说这和上一讲的博弈一样吗,交流并没能直接给出解决的方案

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Mechanisms like habituation, classical conditioning and operant conditioning are real; they can be scientifically studied; and they play an important role in the lives of animals and probably an important role in human lives as well.

诸如习惯化，经典条件作用，操作性条件作用之类的机制,都是真实存在的;,这些机制都能得到科学的研究;,它们在动物的生活里起到了重要的作用,或许在我们人类的生活中,也同样起到了重要的作用。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

It should be taught from the universities and from this conversation will be sprinkled upon the people. Hobbes' hope, like that of all the great political philosophers, was to be a kind of legislator for mankind.

通过对话交流的方式,对他人起到潜移默化的作用,像古往今来那些伟大的政治哲学家们一样,霍布斯也希望自己在某一天，成为人类行为规范的立法者。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

This is the kind of surveillance that's needed to really make an impact and this is why-- one of the other ways where engineering approaches are needed in order to solve medical problems like this one.

这是一种必需,起到一定作用及,影响的监测观察,并且这就是,这也是在解决类似这种医学问题时,必须采取工程方法的原因

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now, it raises lots of interesting issues if a company does that and then boasts about it on the packaging or in marketing, because then people could overestimate how good those products are for them, so a lot of consumer education has to be done.

现在如果一个公司改进之后,在其包装,或市场上大肆宣扬,会引发许多争议,因为人们可能因此高估了,这些食品对其健康起到的作用,可见消费者应该对此有更多了解

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Again welcome back to Professor Stan Katz Drew Frederick and welcome to Drew Frederick, who is a class of seven, graduating, but who is very instrumental in a class that I want to talk about today, which is called the Just University.

让我们再次欢迎Stan，Katz教授,还要有请，他是七班的毕业生，在一门课上起到了重要的作用,我今天就像谈一下这门课，课程叫做，公正的大学。

普林斯顿公开课 - 人性课程节选

The claim that Freud would make is that the woman's discovery that she lacks the penis plays a fundamental role later on determining her allegiances in life and in fact her own sexual preferences and interests.

弗洛伊德会认为,女性发现其身体缺少阴茎的这件事,会在决定其日后的生活忠诚度,及自身的性取向和性偏好中,起到重要的作用。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

So we learned the very first time that in the Prisoner's Dilemma communication per se won't help, but in the coordination problem, which could be just as serious socially as a Prisoner's Dilemma, in a coordination problem it may well help.

在第一讲里我们就学到了,在囚徒困境中沟通不起作用,但是在和囚徒困境具有,同样重要社会意义的协和谬误中,交流却能够起到作用

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Now, So, you have these maps in your head but the thing to realize is— And these maps are part of your cortex, but the things to realize is that's an important part of what goes on in your brain but less than one quarter of the cortex contains these maps or projection areas.

你的脑袋里存在着这些定位图,但你们会发现,这些定位图是你大脑皮层的一部分,但你们会发现,这是在你的大脑活动中,起到重要作用的一部分大脑皮层,不过只有不到四分之一的大脑皮层,存在这些定位图或是投射区

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

There's a lot of debate over how much is innate and what the character of the built-in mental systems are but there's nobody who doubts nowadays that a considerable amount for humans and for other animals is built-in.

尽管对于先天存在程度,以及内在心理系统所起的作用,还存在着很多的争论,然而如今的人们已经不再怀疑,先天因素在人类以及其他动物身上,所起到的重要作用。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选