I mentioned earlier, we thought about receptors as being these blocks and membranes but there are different families of receptors.

我之前讲过,我们把受体看做一类,固定在细胞膜上的分子,但受体有许多不同家族

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

All cell membranes have these channels within them, and under their resting conditions sodium is moving from outside to inside, potassium's moving from inside to outside.

所有细胞膜上都有这种通道结构,在静息状态下,钠从细胞外流向细胞内,钾从细胞内流向细胞外

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It turns out that one of the places that's been very fruitful to look for proteins that differ between cell populations is on the surface of the cell.

而事实证明,寻找能鉴别细胞种类的,特定蛋白的最佳位置,是在富含蛋白的细胞膜上

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

There's another whole family of molecules that sit in the surface.

在细胞膜上还存在着另一类分子

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

For now, just picture it in this simple way as a molecule, usually a protein, that's embedded in the cell membrane and many receptors have a part of them that is extracellular.

现在,我只把这种分子图示出来,受体通常是一种蛋白质,它们镶嵌在细胞膜上,很多受体还有部分结构露在细胞外

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选