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You see, the quantum condition, by putting quantization into the moangular mentum it is propagated through the entire system. Orbit dimensions are quantized.
你们看，量子条件，通过把,角动量量子化，它就能在这个系统中进行传播,同时轨道大小也被量子化。
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The reason for that is because all of this is connected, so we're moving electrons everywhere in the system.
这个现象的原因是因为,它们全部都是连接起来的，所以在这个系统中,电子移动到所有地方。
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I have shown that by taking Avogadro's number of individual ion pairs and putting them all together in a line, the system's energy became more negative.
我推导出了,从每一个离子对中抽出阿伏加德罗常数,再把它们放在一起在一列中，这个系统的能量就变得更负。
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So you say well, rather than rushing off and fixing this one bug, let me pull back and ask, bug is this a systematic mistake that I've made throughout the program?
因此我们应该回头想想,这是不是我在整个程序中都，在犯的一个系统性错误，而不是匆匆忙忙的去修复这一个,如果确实是系统性错误的话？
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These are physical knobs that are available us as experimentalists. And so when we turn these knobs on our system, we want to know how the enthalpy is changing for that system.
这些都是我们做实验可,以得到的物理变量,所以当我们在系统中,改变这些量的时候。
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Then we realize once again that we can only know what it is if we come to understand--in this case, probably, it's best to say a cultural system, understood as a semiosis, within which it appears.
这样我们就又明白了,只有在一个特定的文化系统中,我们才能认识一个符号。
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All of the molecules are called hormones, so a hormone is another name for a ligand that operates in this endocrine fashion.
这些分子都叫做激素,那么激素就是在内分泌系统中,起作用的配体的另一种叫法
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Now, language is not the only thing in culture or nature that has this sort of combinatorial system.
语言并不是在文化或自然中,唯一拥有这种组合系统的事物
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So if you're coming from prior background, your code might work a little differently on a different system if you don't use those flags.
如果你来自一个先前的背景，如果你们没有使用这个版本标志的话，在一个不同的系统中,你的代码可能运行地不太一样。
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It started not really as a planned system not planned by any government.
出于经验才产生的机构,它并不是在一个计划好了的系统中生成的。
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This, by the way, is a way of showing the fact that everything which appears in a semiotic system is conventional, right?
这也表明了,任何在符号系统中出现的符号都要符合惯例？
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It tells you that any attempt to try to specify, to localize the position of an electron in such a system is futile.
这说明你试着任何尝试关于，使一个电子在这样一个系统中,确定其明确的位置是没有意义的。
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That can be a very strong amplifying response, and that happens in the immune system in many cases.
这可能会产生非常强的放大效应,这种效应在免疫系统中很常见
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And they've included too much or too little in the system, and it looks to them that the second law is broken and they've created more energy than is being brought in.
他们在系统中,包含了过多或过少的物质，从而在他们看来,第二定律貌似是被打破了,他们创造了比最初引入的更多的能量。
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It has the function, in other words, of negating its own meaning in another semiotic system, in this case the semiotic system of the stoplight.
也就是说，他有这样那样的功能，在不同语义系统中表示的甚至完全相反，就像红灯表示的这些不同含义一样。
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Because eventually they will tell us maybe things about how heat is changing further on.
我们需要知道焓在系统中怎样变化,因为最终它们或许会告诉我们。
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They can be 64 bits, but very often on systems today are pointers 32 bits.
也可能为64位，但在通常的,系统中，指针占32位。
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In the case of a ligand-receptor, a chemical signal in the form of a concentration of ligand gets converted into a biochemical signal.
在配体-受体系统中,配体浓度这种化学信号,转化为生化信号
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If we say we have a system, and it's in its surroundings.
如果我们有一个系统，它在环境中。
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In fact, the people who have been most important in understanding how the innate immune system works are people here at Yale.
事实上 在研究先天免疫系统,反应机理中,最重要的科学家就在耶鲁
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This is a bacterium that's normally present in humans; it colonizes all of our intestinal systems.
这种细菌在人体中很常见,栖居在我们所有人的肠道系统中
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This is a mode of communication that's used very frequently in the immune system as we'll see later.
这种通讯方式,在免疫系统中广泛使用,我们下面会讲
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For instance, when we deal with one another in a legal and a moral setting, we think in terms of free will and responsibility.
举个例子,当我们在一套法律和道德系统中,与其他人相处时,我们会从自由意志和责任的角度进行思考
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One. So, on most systems if you didn't remember that, no bigger.
个，那么，在大多数系统中，如果你不记得它，不是很大。
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We know in an adiabatic expansion the system's going to cool.
我们知道在绝热膨胀过程中,系统温度会降低。
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A hormone is just a ligand that operates in this endocrine fashion.
激素只是一种,在内分泌系统中起作用的配体
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In the nervous system it doesn't work that way.
在神经系统中并不是这样
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There's no change in them, and then we also looked at some at non-state functions, work and heat, and saw that those aren't zero going around a cycle. Of course you can do work in a cyclic process, and heat can be exchanged with the environment at the same time.
它们不会有变化，然后我们研究了,一些非态函数，功和热量，并看到,沿着循环行进一周的话,它们并不是零，当然你可以在,一个循环过程中做功，而同时热量可以在系统,与外界环境之间进行交换。
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There are no stable binaries in Derrida.
在德里达的理论中没有稳定的二元系统。
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Only the operating system has controlling of byte zero NULL in the computer's RAM and so if a function ever returns null, aka zero, well, something must have gone wrong because that can't possibly belong to me that memory because by human convention zero is owned by the operating system; not by a program I wrote.
只用操作系统在内存中能够控制,字节0，并且如果一个函数返回，或者说0，好的，可能出错了,因为那可能是不属于我的内存,因为惯例上，0是由操作系统拥有的,而不是由我的程序拥有的。
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