This is what Tynjanov says: In formalist historiography, the prime significance of major social factors is not at all discarded.

提尼亚诺夫这样说：,在形式主义者编写历史时，并没有完全忽略主要社会力量的重要性。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

There was in the late 1860s a revival of republican and socialist organization, and of anarchist disorganization, if you will.

在十九世纪六十年代晚期,共和主义及社会主义组织,还有无政府主义组织有所复兴,如果你们愿意这么认为的话

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

And sociologically in the 1960s and 1970s, in the United States, behaviorism was incredibly well known and so was Skinner.

在上世纪60到70年代之间的美国社会，行为主义极为盛行,斯金纳也得以名声大噪。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Well, yes, they do, so why don't we call that to which they refer -for example, in the case of socialist realism or indeed realism of any kind, why don't we call that to which they refer the "society function"?

是的，的确是这样，我们为什么不把他们都称为,无论是在社会主义现实主义,还是任何一种其他的现实主义下，称为社会功能？

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

That's a most ludicrous word, really, in contemporary social science or orthodox Marxist, where you just had to say, "Well, eventually the proletariat will rise up, because the bourgeoisie did this before."

在当代社会学领域或者正统马克思主义里,这是一个非常愚蠢的做法,就好像你只用说,"最终无产阶级会起义,是因为以前资产阶级就这么干过"

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

And, what they were trying to do was imagine a new world which would be less centralized; but, for the socialists, they wanted more centralization.

他们留下的目的就是,能生活在一个没有中央集权的社会中,但是,对于社会主义者来说则正相反

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

The socialist idea started to lead to a number of experiments in various countries around the world that were pooling risks-- they might not have put it this way.

这种社会主义设想,引发了全世界很多国家,在风险管理上的改制与试行-,他们可能没用“社会主义“这一叫法。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

And, so, you can see how this would have an impact on every country, on the United States--those of you who've taken American history, this sort of view that immigrants were increasingly bringing socialism and anarchism to the United States.

由此我们能看出巴黎公社对世界各国,对美国的影响,那些学过美国历史的人懂的,移民们越来越多,在美国宣扬社会主义和无政府主义

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

You've got moderate socialists, you've got this whole kind of different people, and they're meeting around tables, and talking, and arguing, and debating, and yelling, and hugging, long into the night, as the guns draw nearer.

还有温和派的社会主义者,各类立场迥异的人,围坐在桌前,交谈,争执,辩论,吼叫,当然也拥抱,就这样直到夜幕降临,枪声渐近

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选