Well, this view, this evolutionary view, or evolutionary model, was challenged by man a named Yehezkel Kaufmann in the 1930's.
这个改进了的观点,或者说改进了的模型,在20世纪30年代受到了来自考夫曼的质疑。
What do you think is one thing that should be improved in London?
你觉得伦敦在哪个地方还需要改进?
We copy the good ideas and in the process we adjust them and make them a little bit better.
我们不断效仿好的理论,并在实践中不断调整它们,将它们改进的更好。
One that was developed a number of years ago but has been perfected and refined in recent years with very, very good research.
该概念很多年前就已经提出了,但在近年通过高水平的研究才被改进完善
Their memory improved significantly, so their intelligence level as taking by tests before and after compared to control group improved significantly after a single week.
他们的记忆力有明显改善,他们的智力水平,在实验前后进行测试,再与对照组相比,在仅仅一周后就有明显改进。
It didn't do this little optimization I did over here.
他在这里没有加上,我在那儿做的小改进。
Anytime you find yourself in this pattern, odds are, what you're doing is a candidate for being factored out, hierarchal decompositions is the buzzword you'd see in the textbooks if you're following along with any of them, but it's really just the idea of taking out common code and putting it into just one place.
任何时候你发现你处于这种模式中,可能,你所做的东西是可以提取改进的,体系分解是一个你在课本中看到的流行词,如果你遵循其中一个,这个实际上是一个把相同的代码,放到一个地方的思想。
Well,De Gaulle has been dead for a very long time, and there has been progress, but what has not changed is still the power in Paris, in these ministries, to dictate the life of schools, of almost everything else.
戴高乐已经去世很久,在某些地方已经有所改进,但是巴黎的权利,政府各部门的权利仍未改变,他们规定校园生活,还有几乎其他任何事情
Development of an artificial heart, again another example of Biomedical Engineering, is something that people have been trying to accomplish for decades now, and this is the closest that we've come and there are many advantages of this particular artificial heart.
人造心脏技术的发展,是生物医学工程的另一个例子,科学家们,试图在这二十年中去改进它,而这是最接近成功的一个实例,这枚人造心脏有很多优点
About 10 to 15 years later, another physicist, Ernest Rutherford, actually put this plum pudding model to test, Ernest Rutherford and he did it through studies that he'd been doing on radiation that was emitting something called alpha particles.
因此我们要,在上面再做改进,大概过了10到15年,另外一个物理学家,用实验来检测这个李子布丁模型,他一直从事alpha粒子辐射研究。
They have been working on improving their methods and they're trying to create divisions within their organizations that prevent the moral hazard from happening.
他们已经对技术进行改进,并且他们正尝试,在机构中划分部门,以便防范道德风险的发生
In fact, you have to put that qualifier on just about anything you say in finance because the tax system is infinitely complex and every country has different taxes, different states have different taxes.
事实上你必须进行改进,不管你是在谈论哪个金融学问题,因为税制太复杂了,每个国家的税制不同,每个联邦州的税制不同
You can imagine that there are many requirements that a device like this has to meet in order for it to be a good artificial hip and we'll talk about those and how the design of these has changed over the years and what we can expect in the future.
你可以想象,这种装置对技术要求极高,这样它才能成为,一个好的人工髋关节,我们会讲到这些,以及这些年来这项技术的设计有哪些改进,在未来会有怎样的创新
Now, it raises lots of interesting issues if a company does that and then boasts about it on the packaging or in marketing, because then people could overestimate how good those products are for them, so a lot of consumer education has to be done.
现在如果一个公司改进之后,在其包装,或市场上大肆宣扬,会引发许多争议,因为人们可能因此高估了,这些食品对其健康起到的作用,可见消费者应该对此有更多了解
It's also very interesting to think about how the food label could change because this legislation comes up here and there and government consideration, and so if you guys have thoughts that you'd like to write about on one of your concept sheets about what could done to the food label to make it more effective, and more accessible to people, then feel free to write about that. Yes?
考虑一下食品标签可以如何改进,也是很有意思的,因为立法和政府考虑无处不在,如果大家有任何想法的话,可以在你们的观点报告里写一篇文章,关于如何改进食品标签,使其更有效,并且更通俗易懂,大家可以自由发挥,请讲
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