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So I think there's just a lot of progressive thought in San Francisco, a lot of people pushing for changes.
旧金山有很多进步思想，很多人一直在推动着变化的发生。
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And it's always going to come down to calculating the appropriate free energy, and how it changes in the process.
这总是涉及到计算,适当的自由能，以及这些自由能在过程中如何变化。
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So if we have a negative change in energy for any reaction as it's written, what that actually means is we're giving off energy as the reaction proceeds.
如果我们像这里写的这样,在任何一个反应过后，得，到的能量变化为负值,这就意味着我们在这个过程中放出了能量。
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But what we have here is an image of the beauty of that change, the beauty of the fact that the leaves are falling.
但是我们看到的是一幅美丽的变化的图像，叶子在飘落带来的美丽图画。
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Within a constant shell, it varies from left to right, maximally taking value at the right extreme.
在一个固定的层里，它会从左往右变化，在最右边时达到最大值。
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That's what has changed between these two positions.
这就是在这两个位置间所发生的变化。
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And unlike souls, where it was all rather mysterious, how you could tell whether body whether souls swapping, was taking place or not.
不像灵魂论，那么充满神秘，你如何去辨别肉体,或者，灵魂是否，持续在变化，并不那么神秘。
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And so, there is the distinction between fixed schedules versus ratios, variable schedules and ratio versus interval.
因此，在固定时程与变化时程之间,以及在比率与间隔之间，存在着一些区别。
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So during the past 10 years, the market actually changed very quickly, very dramatically.
在过去的十年中，市场变化极其迅速。
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Most frequently, chord changes come on the downbeat so composers signal to us in a fourth way the downbeat by means of chord change.
通常,和弦的变化都在重拍上,所以作曲家们用这第四种途径,通过和弦的变化告诉我们重拍的位置
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One of the other things that happened during the twentieth century is that human life expectancy increased dramatically, people started living a lot longer.
在二十世纪发生的另一大变化是,人类的寿命预期显著增长了,人们活的更久了
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Now, in any society changing this much, this fast, doubling its own population--doubling--in twenty-five years.
现在,在任何变化如此巨大的社会,如此迅速地,在二十五年内,人口增至两倍
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Barnyard1 OK. The change is, well, on Barnyard 1 it looks much the same as it did for Barnyard.
也就是solve1和,做出的变化就是在Barnyard1中。
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And students and professors have shifting expectations.
学生和教授的期望在变化。
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This was a problem but the direction is constantly changing.
在这个问题中,但是方向是在不断变化的
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Now the two things to notice about this are the high spike that you have out here which occurs very rapidly and then the rapid decline in blood sugar, and insulin is involved in this whole reaction.
有两个需要注意的事情是,你们在这看到的急剧变化的曲线代表着,迅速上升和迅速下降的血糖,另外胰岛素也随之发生变化
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We're in a time period where the economy has changed dramatically in the last few years.
我们现在所处的时期在前几年经历了巨大的经济变化。
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Whereas under these conditions, these quantities, if you look at free energy change, for example at constant temperature and pressure, H you can still calculate H.
但是，在这些条件下，这些物理量，如果我们考察自由能的变化,例如在恒定的温度和压强下，我们仍然可以计算。
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If you have an isobaric you're going to have to calculate where the energy changes, and that's a calculation that's likely on the homework and very like on an exam as well, too.
在等压过程中,我们需要计算能量的变化，我们在作业,和考试中,就会遇到这类问题。
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Because eventually they will tell us maybe things about how heat is changing further on.
我们需要知道焓在系统中怎样变化,因为最终它们或许会告诉我们。
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And once you hit puberty, suddenly there's huge variation in the abilities you have to learn language.
一旦你到了青春期,学习语言的能力会在突然间,发生巨大的变化
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He's trying to relax us here by slowing down the rate of harmonic change here.
他希望通过减慢泛音的变化速度让大家在这里快要睡着了。
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So, this is a time course here, this scale is in days.
这是时间,这是在几天之内人体的变化
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There's one division, here it shows it at the 16 cell stage and then here, and this transformation as it goes from 16 cells to more like 64 cells.
这是第一次分裂,这里显示的是十六细胞期,然后在这里,在这里胚胎进一步的产生了变化,由十六个细胞分裂为约六十四个
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Because this is a fast-changing market.
市场时刻都在变化。
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So, for example, we have this average level, and then it can go high where we have the peak, or it can go very low. We can also discuss sound waves, so again it's just the periodic variation of some property -- in this case we're talking about density, so we have high density areas and low density areas.
例如这是平均位置，在峰的位置水位高，在谷水位低，我们也可以,讨论声波它也是某种,量的周期变化，在这里我们,讨论的是密度,我们有高密度区和低密度区。
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And fixed versus variable speaks to whether you give a reward on a fixed schedule, every fifth time, or variable, sometimes on the third time, sometimes on the seventh time, and so on.
固定与变化则是相对于,你是否根据固定时程给予奖励而言的，每五次就给予奖励，或者是变化的，有时候在第三次上给予奖励，有时候则在第七次上给予奖励。
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Irregular,huh,because we held a long time there.
不规则的变化，因为我们在这里停了很久了。
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And remind you that inside of here, I'd better be changing the variable. All right, if that variable that's counting is not changing I'm going to be stuck in an infinite loop, so I ought to that, right, expect somewhere in there, a change of that variable. All right?
我最好改变了计数器的变量值，好，如果计数的变量没有变化的话，我就会被卡在一个无限循环里面,因此我应该【不可闻的声音】,对，在这里的某个地方，改变下计数器的变量，对不对？我要做的最后一件事情就是？
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