That is to lose their prerogatives, their rights to an absolute state.

那就是失去他们的特权,在一个绝对统治里所拥有的权力

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

As we shall see that word in later times means some powerful individual, but it doesn't mean what it means here, the boss, the single monarchical controller of everything.

正如我们所见,这个词之后用来形容有权力的人,但在那时,它有一个不同的含义,代表首领,君临万物

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

And by a "state of nature" he means, or by a state of war, he means a condition where there is no recognized authority in his language to keep us in awe, no authority to awe us.

而且通过“自然状态，或者通过战争状态，他意在说明一种状态,在他的说法里没有一个被认可的权力,将我们维持在敬畏中，没有权利使我们敬畏。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

For instance, in historical times when the Greeks referred to the great King of Persia, who was a real king and a powerful figure, a king in every sense, the word they used for him was Basileus.

比如说,在历史上,希腊人把伟大的波斯王,一个真正在各种领域,具有绝对权力的君主,称之为巴赛勒斯

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选