Even though decentralized England expands its bureaucracy and collected taxes much more efficiently than across the channel in France, state-making involved more officials there.

即使是在分权的英国 官僚政府也日益扩大,他们比海峡对岸的法国有着更多苛捐杂税,现代国家的形成需要更多的官员

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

In these states, the modern world began to take form.

在这些国家中,现代世界的体制开始形成

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

As I already suggested, and I would insist upon this again, that the consolidation of territorial rulers had already given the basis to an expanding, more formalized state structure, even in England.

我提到过 现在再强调一遍,国家的兼并,君权的加强为一个日益庞大,更有章法的现代国家的形成奠定了基础,在英格兰也是如此

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

These beliefs form something like a kind of national creed you might say American national creed what it means to be an American and not someone else.

这些信念形成类似,国家纲领的东西，你可以说,像是美国的国家纲领,这意味着身为美国人，而不是其它国人。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

Now, one of the points I made last week, for those of you who were here, is that one of the themes that ties European history together is the growth of the modern state, of state-making.

上节课来了的人可能记得,我谈到一个观点,现代国家的形成和民族国家的构建,是联系欧洲历史的一个主题

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选