Nobody is going to say to themselves, "Oh, well, it's not such a good talk because the slide projector broke."
没有人会觉得,”这个演讲不是很好,因为投影机坏了“
We're, as a consequence, going to focus on worst case. This is handy for a couple of reasons.
因此我们会去关注最坏的情况,因为如下的原因这样做。
Death is bad insofar as it deprives you of a chunk of life that would have been good.
死亡是坏的,因为它剥夺了,你的本可以美好的生命。
In our business, you got to be inventing new things because software doesn't wear out, it doesn't break, or at least if it breaks it was broken when you finished it, it doesn't break over time the way physical goods do.
在我们行业,你需要不断发明新事物,因为软件并不会磨损,不会坏,或者至少如果坏了,也是在你运行完之后,它并不像物理上的东西会随着时间磨损。
You try to stop but you can't, your brakes don't work.
你无法让电车停下来,因为刹车坏了。
What he means, for instance, in this case is well, talking to yourself is self-reinforcing or giving bad news to an enemy is reinforcing because it makes your enemy feel bad.
比如在这个例子中,他的意思其实是,自言自语是种自我强化行为,而向敌人散布坏消息也是一种强化,因为这样做可以使敌人感到不快。
And this is useful because if you're actually writing a program that's interactive or that you want to change overtime much like you would a game, hopefully, the game is not going to have the bad guys, for instance, always standing in the same place or the rocks or whatever it is falling from the sky in the same place 'cause it would very quickly become a very tedious game.
这是很有用的,因为如果,写一个交互的程序或者,希望每次游戏都不一样,我们希望,游戏中的坏人物,别老是站在同一个地方或者同一块石头上,或者从天空中同样的位置落下,因为这立刻会使游戏变得乏味。
To say giving bad news to an enemy is reinforcing because it makes the enemy feel bad doesn't say anything different from giving bad news to an enemy feels good because we like to give bad news to an enemy.
由于使敌人感到不快,而认定向敌人散布坏消息是强化行为,这与因为我们想要敌人听到坏消息,而向心情良好的敌人散布坏消息,没什么区别。
And of course, since it's not just black and white, good life or bad life, but various shades of gray, better lives and worse lives, what's the yardstick by virtue of ? which we measure better and worse lives?
因为不是单纯的黑白,好或坏的人生,两者是混杂的,更好的人生和更坏的人生,衡量更好和更坏人生的,道德标准是什么?
According to the deprivaton account, death is bad, when it's bad, because of the fact that it deprives us of the good things in life, insofar as we would have continued to get good things in life.
根据剥夺解释,死亡是坏的时才是坏的,因为它剥夺了我们生的美好,在我们还能继续从生命中获得美好时。
I see no Mike Smiths because I'm on page 1 A where the A's simply are so I turn to the B's and the C's S and the D's and so forth and finally I get to the S's but in the worst case I've looked through 1,000 or so pages.
第一页没有找到叫Mike,Smith的人1,因为第一页姓名首字母是,于是我又接着找B,C,D……最终到了字母,但最坏的情况是,我翻了几千页才找到。
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