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It deconvolves that reaction of sodium plus chlorine into elementary steps that are related to electron transfer and acquisition.
它将钠和氯的反应,分解成基本的步骤,这些步骤是直接与电子的转移和获得有关的。
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We've used these effectively to build our electronic systems and our blogs and all of these companies that we're building.
我们会有效地使用它们,来建立一个电子系统,建立我们的博客和我们建立的,所有的公司。
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So, we have an octet of the electrons that seems to be associated with chemical inertness.
所以我们有八电子结构,它看起来和化学惰性有关。
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We're going to be looking at the solutions to the Schrodinger equation for a hydrogen atom, and specifically we'll be looking at the binding energy of the electron to the nucleus.
我们将研究下氢原子薛定谔方程的解,特别是电子和核子的结合能,我们将研究这部分。
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People around the world, even if they have been angry at us wrote to me, wrote to all of us, sent us e-mails, stood with us.
全世界的人民，即使他们也曾经对我们表示过愤怒,写信给我，写信给大家，给我们发电子邮件，和我们站在一起。
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And I'm also like everybody else on emails; and I'll get your emails, panic emails at 3:10 in the morning and I'll reply at 4:45. So, it goes like that.
电子邮件我和其他人一样,我会收你们的邮件,早晨3:10紧急邮件,我会在4:45回复,所以就是这样
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And then I'm going to electronically transfer Linda's memories and beliefs and so forth over here and implant them onto this brain.
接着我将通过电子手段把Linda的记忆,和信念之类的东西移植到这个大脑。
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And several years later these two graduate students at Leiden by the name of Goudsmit and Uhlenbeck proposed that the electron in fact spins.
几年之后,两个莱顿的学生,古德米斯特和乌伦贝克,提出电子其实是在自旋的。
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So, the first thing we do is put two electrons between h and c, and then two electrons between c and n.
那么，我们先在氢和碳之间放两个电子，然后在碳和氮之间再放两个电子。
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But I can equate the amount of mechanical energy in the electron to the amount of electrical energy that was imparted through the electrodes.
但我们可以把电子中机械能量数量,和通过电极传送的,电子能量数量等同起来。
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OK, last day, you talked about the Born-Haber cycle, and octet stability via electron transfer.
言归正传，昨天我们讲的是伯恩哈勃循环，和8电子稳定结构。
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Let's say, well, maybe it has to do with the energy that it takes to remove electrons.
比如说，也许它和那些,用来移动电子的能量有关。
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So we do, in fact, have a dependence on what the angle is of the electron as we define it in the orbital.
实际上当我们定义电子在这个轨道,它的波函数的确是和角度有关的。
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So, as an example, let's take argon, I've written up the electron configuration here, and let's think about what some of the similarities might be between wave functions in argon and wave functions for hydrogen.
所以作为一个例子我们来看看氩，我已经把它的电子构型写在这里，我们来考虑氩和,氢波函数之间的,一些相似性。
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If it could only ditch this electron, it could have the same electronic structure as neon.
如果它能失去这个电子，它就能和氖有一模一样的电子结构。
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And since we don't know the absolute up and down in the universe, it is possible that some of the electrons may be spinning up.
由于我们在宇宙里,并不知道什么是绝对的上和下，所以说上面的现象很有可能是,一些电子向上自旋引起的。
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And what they could come up with, what they reasoned, is that there must be some intrinsic property within the electron, because we know that this describes the complete energy of the orbital should give us one single frequency.
他们想到着一定和，电子的本征性质有关，因为我们知道这个轨道的,完整描述会给出单一的频率。
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All right, so I did this not at all purposely, but this can point out for you that you need to make sure that the number of electrons that you have in your molecular orbital does match up with the total number that you have in your atomic orbitals.
我并不是故意这么做的，但这告诉我们必须要保证,分子轨道里的电子数,和原子轨道里的,总电子数能对上。
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They cling to their electrons quite tenaciously.
它们和电子紧紧地结合在一起。
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You've got an electron donor with a powerful urge to become neon-like.
你已经有了一个电子给体,它有这巨大动力要变成和氦一样的结构。
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Now what I want to do is take you exactly to this place where we are right now, where we see energy levels and electron filling, but I want to start all over again and I want to use a totally different approach.
现在我想做的是带你们,到达我们现在所处的地方，我们能看到能量级和电子分布的地方，但我想重新开始,而且用一个完全不同的方法。
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We have a helium nucleus and one electron.
我们有一个氦核和一个电子。
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However, for carbon and nitrogen we need 8 each.
但是，对于碳和氮，我们都需要八个电子。
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So, we just talked about the force law to describe the interaction between a proton and an electron. You told me that when the distance went to infinity, the force went to zero. What happens instead when the distance goes to zero? What happens to the force?
我们刚刚讨论了描述质子,和电子之间相互作用力的定律,当距离变为无穷时,力变为零，那当距离变为,零时会发生什么？,这时候力是多少？
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And there is a relationship here, and that is that the number of photons absorbed by the metal are related to the number of electrons ejected from the metal. So, in this figure here what I'm actually showing is these little sunshines, which let's say are each one individual photon.
这里有一个关系是，被金属吸收的光子,和被金属逐出的电子是相关的,所以，我展示的这个图,是这些小太阳，我们这里代指每一个独立的光子。
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So, for example, here we're showing rubidium and potassium and sodium plotted where we're plotting the frequency -- that's the frequency of that light that's coming into the metal versus the kinetic energy of the electron that's ejected from the surface of the metal.
让大家看来都是可以理解的事情,就是把不同金属的观测结果,画到一张图里面来，例如这里,我们展示的是钠，钾,铷的频率-这是照射金属的光的频率,和金属表面出射电子动能的关系。
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So, I know this is a simple example and I can see everyone pretty much got it right, and probably those that didn't actually made some sort of clicker error is my guess.
分别是质子和电子,我知道这是个很简单的问题，你们大部分人都做对了,我猜那些没做对的大概是因为点错了。
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Whereas in molecular orbital theory, what I'm telling you is instead we understand that the electrons are spread all over the molecule, they're not just associated with a single atom or a single bond.
而在分子轨道理论里，我要告诉你们的时,我们任为电子分布在整个分子中,它们不仅仅是和,一个原子或者一个键有关。
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So we can use an equation to relate the incident energy and the kinetic energy to the ionization energy, or the energy that's required to eject an electron.
因此我们可以用一个公式将入射能量,与动能和电离能，就是发射出一个电子所需要的能量关联起来。
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So we have four choices in terms of initial and final energy levels, and also what it means - in terms of the electron -- whether it's gaining energy or whether it's going to be emitting energy?
我们有这四个选项,各有不同的初始能量和末能量,它都是按照电子来说的,不管是失去能量还是得到能量？
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