What oriental? That means mainly the Tigris and Euphrates, Mesopotamia, Syria,all those older civilizations and much more advanced civilizations than the Greek.

哪个东方,这主要指底格里斯河和,幼发拉底河文明,美索不达米亚文明,以及叙利亚文明等这些旧文明,它们都比希腊先进的多

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选