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Now, it's also very useful to look at some of the relations that come out of these fundamental equations.
我们接下来可以考察,从这些基本方程中得出的一些方程。
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If the soul is immaterial, doesn't it follow automatically, trivially, that the soul can't be destroyed by a material process?
如果灵魂是无形的,是否可以顺理成章地得出,灵魂无法被实体过程所摧毁呢
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We just want to get a rough idea so we can tell me they need to have another 20 or they need to have another 100.
我们只是想得出个大概的数目,这样我们就可以告诉他们,是还需要20本还是100本。
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So, let's look at another example of thinking about whether we get an answer out that's reasonable.
来考虑是否我们,可以得出一个合理的答案。
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And again, this is something that comes from an equation of state.
我们再一次发现,这个可以从状态方程中得出。
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I could get a really big upper bound, this thing grows exponentially.
那么我可以得出一个相当大的上界，我们可以给一个指数级增长的上限。
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You can imagine that this can only happen gradually; none of this happens overnight.
你可以想象得出,这种变革,只能缓慢的进行,并不能一蹴而就
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And this makes the point that one neuron shown here is very important.
因此我们可以得出，这里看到的一个神经元非常重要。
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And we could perhaps draw two conclusions from this.
从中，我们可以得出两个结论。
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We can say this in two different ways.
我们可以从两个方面得出此结论。
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From that standpoint, from that theoretical standpoint, comes a methodological approach which is, if they're all the same then you could study human learning by studying nonhuman animals.
从这个理论观点中，可以得出一种研究方法,即，如果人类与动物并无差别,那你就能通过研究非人类动物的学习过程,来研究人类的学习过程。
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So, in fact, it is true, it is in fact true, so we can conclude that 2 dominates in fact, we can do a bit better than that we can say strictly dominates 1.
事实的确如此,我们可以得出结论立场2优于立场1,或者更进一步说,立场2严格的优于立场1
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You can do better, you can do it through response You've got to sort of disabuse yourself of the problems in response which is to be think of yourself as just a passive reciever.
你们可以通过反应来得出更好的研究成果,在反应上你们要纠正自己,不要把自己当成,一个被动的接收者。
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Now Susan Mayne, who is a Professor here in the School of Public Health, has done some very interesting work with an electronic device that can be passed over the palm of your hand and measures pigmentation in the hand as a way to assess vegetable intake in people.
苏珊·梅恩,我们公共卫生学院的教授,做了些值得关注的工作,通过电子设备,扫描你的手掌,测算其上色素沉淀,可以得出人们蔬菜的摄入量
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So if you put 1 and 2 together you can get only changing things could be destroyed.
把1和2放在一块儿就可以得出,只有能改变的东西能毁灭。
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And one way we can get to that is by looking at two pieces of data.
一种可以得出答案的方法,就是观察2个数据。
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He reasoned then that the charge, since he could vary voltage continuously but got a discontinuous variation in velocity, his conclusion was that the charge must be discontinuously attached to the droplet.
他推断出电荷，因为他可以不断地改变电压,但是得出了速度是在不连续变化着，他的结论是电荷,是间断地依附于液滴上的。
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So 1, 2 and 3 got us 4 Invisible things can't be destroyed.
所以一二和三可以得出四4,无形的东西不会毁灭。
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And underlining what arises in this game, notice that in this game we're able to eliminate one of the strategies, in this case the strategy of shooting to the middle, even though nothing was dominated.
我们从这个博弈中可以得出,我们能够剔除其中的一个策略,在本案例中是从中路射门,尽管这里并没有劣势策略
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And I have here two ways you could learn from looking.
你可以通过两种方法,从注视这个动作中得出一些结论
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Harmony is not invisible in the relevant sense, so it could still be true that invisible things can't be destroyed, since the soul is invisible in that sense, it would follow the soul can't be detroyed.
和声在这个意义上不是无形的，所以无形的东西不能毁灭,仍然可以是正确的，因为灵魂在这个意义上仍是无形的，你可以得出灵魂不能毁灭的结论。
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What can I conclude?
那我现在可以得出什么结论
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Once we've made some generalizations about language in this narrow sense, we could then ask, and we will ask, to what extent do other systems such as animal communication systems relate to this narrower definition.
一旦我们在狭义上,得出了某些关于语言的概论,那我们就可以发问,诸如动物交流系统之类的其他系统,会在多大程度上,符合这个狭隘的定义呢
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Since many people write wills, many people take out life insurance, it seems as though the natural thing to suggest is that many, or at least perhaps most, at least many people believe they're going to die.
既然有很多人写遗嘱，很多人上生命保险，似乎很自然地可以得出，至少大部分人，至少有很多人是相信自己会死的。
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If I can tell a story in which A exists and B doesn't exist, it's got to follow that A and B are not the same thing.
如果我跟你说A存在但B不存在,就可以得出结论A和B不是一个东西
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We can just rewrite that, if I divide through by 2 and rearrange, it's going to tell me that ?1, or if you like, ?1 is equal to 1 plus B S2.
我们这么写,如果我除以2然后整理,可以得出?1等于1+B*S2
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What I want to say is, the short answer for now is, I don't think it follows automatically.
我想说的是,简单的解释为,我不认为可以顺理成章得出结论
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I am going to show the equation, but I don't expect you to solve it.
我将给出这个方程式，但我不期望你可以得出解。
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So dispite the fact that Socrates draws this weaker conclusion, it seems to me that the argument he'd offered us, if it works at all, entitles us to draw the bolder conclusion not the soul is indestructible or nearly so, but the soul is indestructible.
因此即便苏格拉底得出的,这个结论力度弱些,我觉得如果这个论证过程可用，那就可以得出更大胆的结论,不是灵魂几乎不可摧毁,而是灵魂不可摧毁。
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And if we talk about electrons or photoelectrons, again we can describe it in terms of energy, we can talk about velocity, and from there, of course, you can figure out the energy from 1/2 m v squared, and actually we can also describe the electron in terms of wavelength.
如果我们谈论电子或者光电子，我们又可以从能量的角度来描述它，我们可讨论速率，从那里，当然，你可以计算1/2，m，v2得出能量值，而且事实上我们也可以,从波长的角度来描述电子。
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