And we haven't talked about reactions at all yet, so you don't need to worry about the specifics of that exactly, but just that if you have this negative change in energy, you have a more stable product than you do reactant.

当然我们还没有开始讨论反应，所以你不用担心它的细节是怎么样的，你只需要知道，如果能量的变化是负值，那么你将得到一个比反应物更稳定的生成物。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

There's a lag period where if I was just looking for antibodies nothing happens for a while.

这中间存在一段迟滞期,如果只过一会就进行观察,抗体的数量不会发生变化

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The balance of sodium movement relative to potassium movement changes because there's this resting movement of all these molecules anyway, but that balance changes dramatically when these ion - when these gated ion channels open.

钠钾各自运动始终保持动态的平衡,因为尽管在静息状态,所有这些离子也在运动,但是平衡的剧烈变化,只发生在这些门控离子通道打开的时侯

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选