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The epic also explains and mirrors the rise of Babel as one of the great cities in the Ancient Near East.
史诗也解释并且映射了巴比伦王国的兴起,它是古代近东繁盛的城市之一。
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The worship practices of ancient Israel and Judah clearly resemble what we know of Canaanite and Ancient Near Eastern worship practices.
古代以色列和犹太崇拜仪式非常像,我们所知的迦南和古代近东的崇拜仪式。
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I better say something about oil in the ancient world, so that you get a grip on what's going on here.
我最好说一下油在古代世界的地位,以便你能明白为什么会出售芳香油
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This role," he says, "was taught covertly by ancient writers. It was taught covertly by ancient writers," he says in chapter 18.
他说，这个角色是古代的作家们,秘密授予的，是古代的作家们,秘密授予的，他在第十八章中说。
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Hardy wants to use really old dialect words, when he can, and there's power in that. And this is a poem composed in 1915.
哈迪在他可以的时候总是想使用真正的古代方言，而在其中是有力量的，这是一首在1915年作的诗。
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We can think about this in an evolutionary way, as I've alluded to a lot, but if you think about it from a completely Darwinian point of view, and you think about these food conditions where food would be scarce in ancient times.
我们可以从生物演化的角度来看这个问题,我已经提到过很多了,但是如果你完全从达尔文学说的角度思考,从食品条件想想,在古代,哪里可能出现食物短缺
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They participated at the very earliest stages in the wider religious and cultic culture of the Ancient Near East.
他们从最初就影响着,广泛古代近东地区的宗教信仰。
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Legally, that's correct, but you see cases in letters and all kinds of stuff from the Ancient World that women actually were more unofficially part of their husband's house.
法律上是这样的，但是从古代书信,及其他各类文献中发现,女子更像是丈夫家中的非正式成员。
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He expressed his will that there be light, and there was light And that's very different from many Ancient Near Eastern cosmogonies in which there's always a sexual principal at work in creation.
他表达意愿希望有光，于是便有了光,这与古代近东的宇庙学解释有很大出入,在其中，创世过程中有性的因素。
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There are of course, important ways in which Israel's use of the storm god motif diverges from that of other Ancient Near Eastern stories.
当然，犹太人对暴风之神主题的利用,和古代东方的故事，在很多方面有很大的不同。
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There's ancient evidence, there's an ancient source for that, that says that's what happened and that's one of the things that we have to deal with.
这里有古老的证据,有一份古代的资料表明,事情就是这样发生的,这也是我们要处理的问题之一
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It's a late Victorian image of an archaic singer rendered in the melodramatic manner of Pre-Raphaelite art and thoroughly removed from the aesthetic values of modernism, such as naturalism, formal clarity, emotional restraint and so on.
这是维多利亚时代晚期古代吟唱诗人的肖像,用戏剧化的前拉斐尔派,风格表现，完全摒弃了,现代主义的审美观，比如自然主义，形式明确，感情自制等等。
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So if that was the reason they were included in the ancient world,it's not the reason they're still in now, because modern scholars don't believe the apostles actually wrote all of these texts in the New Testament.
如果那就是它们在古代被选上的原因,它不是现代人所认为的原因，因为现代学者认为,新约里的书并非全为使徒所写。
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So barring that, nonetheless, what we see reminds us very much of these ancient Bronze Age early civilizations.
尽管如此,我们所看到的遗迹依旧,和古代的青铜时期的早期文明非常相似
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Now, Ancient Near Eastern suzerainty models also speak repeatedly of the vassal's love for the suzerain.
现在，近东古代的领主契约模式,也重复出现在奴隶对领主的赞美中。
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Interestingly, unlike most ancient sanctuaries, the Israelite sanctuary did not contain a statue of the deity.
有趣的是，和大多数古代神殿不同，以色列神殿里没有神的塑像。
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This idea may be rooted in the Ancient Near Eastern political sphere in which sovereigns would single out vassals for the status of special property; and in fact the word used is a word we do find in Exodus.
这个观点也许根植在古代近东的政治氛围中,统治者会将纳贡者独立出来放在特有财产的地位上,并且实际上用在这里的词是我们在,出埃及记中的看到的词语。
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So inspiration,contrary to modern assumptions was not the criteria you hear ancient people talk about.
所以与现代观点相反,神启性不是古代人的考虑标准。
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And finally, also associated with Israel's God, we have Ancient Near Eastern holy war traditions.
最后，这也与以色列上帝有关联，我们知道古代近东的圣战传统。
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Socrates, in other words, has broken the bond of tradition and traditional authority that holds the ancient city and the ancient family together.
苏格拉底，其实已经摧毁了,传统与传统权威间的联系,那可是维系古代城邦,与古代家庭的力量。
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And this is part of what ancient religion was like, is that people were not exclusive.
古代宗教的特点之一，就是人们并不排外。
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The first point worth noting about this, is that Aristotle did not simply assume slavery was natural, because it was practiced virtually everywhere in the ancient world.
第一点值得注意的是，亚里士多德并未,简单纯地假设奴役是自然的，只因奴役在古代的世界,四处可见。
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This is actually part of propaganda culture of the Ancient World.
这其实也是古代的宣传文化之一。
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It's interesting,though, that some ancient people didn't think that.
然而有趣的是，有些古代人并不这么认为。
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We have people inventing them, but even the ones that are invented aren't very helpful, because it's awfully hard to know how they did what they did.
有人试图还原古代战争,但是得出的结果并没有太大的意义,因为我们对此实在是知之甚少
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And in the ancient world, the reason for this was that this very small rectangle--;it's about 150 miles long and 70 miles wide, about the size of Rhode Island--this very small rectangle lies on the way to anywhere worth going in the Ancient Near East.
在古代，战争的原因是,这小块矩形，长150公里，宽70公里，与罗德岛大小相当，这小块矩形处于要道,这条路通向古代近东的任何地区。
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But if we look at the society that emerges, this Dark Age society that emerges from the ancient world of Mycenae, what you have is a rare human experience.
如果我们仔细观察这渐渐浮出水面的社会,这个从古代迈锡尼文明浮现出来的,黑暗时代的社会,你会得到一些相当宝贵的经验
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And so many scholars, and many people, have remarked that it's not a small irony that the Ancient Near Eastern people with one of the, or perhaps the most lasting legacy, was not a people that built and inhabited one of the great centers of Ancient Near Eastern civilization.
很多学者，很多人都说，拥有世界上最永恒遗产的,古代近东居民，并不是那些修建并居住于，古代近东文明中心的人,这是不是很讽刺呢。
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