You have extensive properties and intensive properties The extensive properties are the ones that scale with the size of the system.

广延量,和强度量,广延量的值,随着系统的规模变化。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And we saw that in fact in this case delta S of mixing, we calculated it, saw that it is positive.

实际上如果我们计算气体混合过程中,熵的变化，我们会发现这个量是正的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

It's useful to have the average acceleration, which you can find by taking similar differences of velocities.

平均加速度也是很有用的,你可以用类似方法,取速度的变化量求出来

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

Now I am going to break this into elementary steps and look at the relative contributions.

我会把这整个变化过程化为几个基本的步骤,去考察每一步的变化量。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

What I really want to do is just give an example of what happens when you throw the thing, the material into a calorimeter and see how much the temperature changes.

我想做的是给出当,你把这些东西，这些材料扔进，量热计时会发生什么,看看温度会变化多少。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

We're talking about quantities both starting at two and going to three.

这里讨论的是,从2到3的变化量。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

I move a little closer and I find the stretching is a different number.

我继续靠近讲台,发现弹簧伸长量有所变化

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

So add up all the changes or what you mean by integral.

将全部变化量加在一起,或者做积分

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

Same thing. Add up all the changes.

一回事,把所有的变化量加起来

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

So, for example, we have this average level, and then it can go high where we have the peak, or it can go very low. We can also discuss sound waves, so again it's just the periodic variation of some property -- in this case we're talking about density, so we have high density areas and low density areas.

例如这是平均位置，在峰的位置水位高，在谷水位低，我们也可以,讨论声波它也是某种,量的周期变化，在这里我们,讨论的是密度,我们有高密度区和低密度区。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

What this really means is in a given time, the change in this quantity is a times the change in this quantity.

这里的真正含义是在给定的一段时间内,这个量的变化量等于,a乘以这个量的变化量

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

It can be x plus some change in x plus j times y plus a change in y.

可以写成 x 加上 x 方向的变化量,再加上 y 加上 y 方向的变化量

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

So what we'll end up with is boron plus, 1 s 2 2 s 2 1 s 2, 2 s 2, E and what we say is the delta energy or the change in energy as the same thing as saying the energy of the products minus the energy of our reactant here, that's how much energy we have to put into the system to eject an electron.

所以结果应该是正一价的硼，电子排布为，我们说，Δ,也就是，E，的变化量,等于生成物的能量,减去反应物的能量，这就是我们从这个系统中,打出一个电子所需要的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

As long as we understand that, we can do this cancellation and this says on the left-hand side the change in the quantity v square over 2 is a times the change in the quantity x.

只要我们明白这一点,我们就可以这样做简化,在等号左边,v^/2的变化量,为a乘以x的变化量

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选