Well, this view, this evolutionary view, or evolutionary model, was challenged by man a named Yehezkel Kaufmann in the 1930's.

这个改进了的观点，或者说改进了的模型，在20世纪30年代受到了来自考夫曼的质疑。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

What it meant was that in principle, your power was greater than any challenge that could come from those underlings, those craven reptiles in your imagination over whom you ruled.

这意味着在原则上,你的权利大到,不会受到属下的任何质疑,在你的眼里他们应该是低声下气的应声虫

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Now, that could be challenged.

这种观点会受到质疑的

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选