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When we have an isolated system, the criterion that determineswhether something happens spontaneously is the entropy has to increase.
对于孤立系统,决定一个过程是否自发发生的判据为：,熵必须增加。
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it's happening. And I think it's happening, I think it's being sped up by humans, by our interaction.
这是一个正在发生的事实，由于人类的活动，这个进程在加速。
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We've been discussing energy diagrams a lot in this class, it's a very good way to visualize exactly what's going on.
在这个课里面，我们已经讨论过很多次能量图了，它通常是一个很好的把所发生的事情形象化的方法。
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And this is a tool with which you can navigate all the things that we know about going on campus.
这是你能够掌控,校园中发生的所有事情的一个工具。
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The equilibrium state is the one, and it's just one, in which there are no spontaneous changes that can take place to any other state.
平衡态是一个，而且仅仅是一个态，这个态不会发生自发变化,变成其他的态。
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OK, so far though, I've just shown you what happens inside a peace a code. It raises an exception. It goes to that accept clause. We don't have to use it just inside of one place.
好了，我已经给你们看了,代码内部发生了什么,它报了一个异常，然后就到了处理的片段,我们不该就在一个地方用它。
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That's a real fluid boundary between the divine and human realms, if you ask me. But it only happens there, in one spot.
这在神族和人类之间可真是一个不固定的界限，如果你问我的话，然而这种情况只在一个地点发生。
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But, we know for example that magnesium, when it reacts, it reacts with both of its electrons, not just one of its electrons.
但是我们知道，拿镁来说，当它发生反应的时候，并不只是，某一个电子反应，而是两个价电子都发生反应。
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Now as it happens--this is a novel--as it happens, our hero looks rather like the other man.
小说中故事就这样发生了，我们的主角和另一个人长得很像。
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What happened in the 1930s was that one country after another abandoned the gold standard.
在二十世纪三十年代发生的是,一个接连一个的国家放弃了,金本位制度。
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Something terrible has happened with the American diet and it's not just happened in America, but country after country, after country is changing to follow America's example.
美国人的饮食正发生着一些可怕的状况,而且不仅在美国,一个,一个又一个国家,正在以美国为标准进行着饮食调整
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So, for instance, if you take a glass of water and you pour it into another glass that's shallow or tall, it won't change the amount of water you have.
比如说,你有一杯水,将水倒进另一个更浅或者更深的杯子里,含水量并未发生任何改变
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There was a case of a very minor insurrection in an obscure Italian city in 1848 where the people of the town literally locked the ruler out of the town-- and Italy remains decentralized.
在1848年,有一场小规模叛乱,发生在一个意大利的小城里,人们把统治者锁在城门外面,如今意大利仍然是四分五裂的
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And, about a third of a way through that game there was a penalty, So keep at the back of your mind that the real world example that matters here is Portsmouth versus Liverpool this weekend.
大约在比赛进行了三分之一的时候,裁判判罚了一个点球,请大家注意一下,上周发生的事与这一讲有关的是,朴茨茅斯队对利物浦队的比赛
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We're going to talk in some detail, not a very high level of detail, but in some detail about how this communication takes place between cells and how the information is passed down one of these cells today.
我们还要讨论些细节问题,但不是太深,今天只讲细胞间通讯的发生原理,和信息怎样从一个细胞传递到另一个细胞
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Like I don't know what's around the corner. I might not be here in a week
我不知道会发生什么，也许再过一个礼拜我就不在了，
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When you call a function, what actually happens is that function gets its own chunk of memory that's identical in size to the data type that it expects.
当你调用一个函数，实际上发生的是,函数得到了自己的内存块，相同的类型,是占有一样大小的内存的。
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We want to make sure we have a full picture of what's going on there.
我们想要确认我们已经对所发生的,有了一个全景图。
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We'll save it. Well all right, a syntax error.
一个语法错误，这经常发生。
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We're going to see an example of that in a second. What we really want to worry about, what's the worst case that happens.
我们接下来就来看一个这样的例子,我们要关注的是，发生的最坏情况是什么呢？
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Good question, so what happens when you format a floppy disk or format a hard drive?
好问题，当你格式化一个软盘,或者硬盘时会发生什么呢？
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But, in an internal combustion engine what happens is we don't have an oxygen tank.
但是在一个内燃机中,如果我们没有氧气罐会发生什么呢。
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When I call the class definition, that is I call c point, I'm going to call it with a specific set of arguments.
来创建实例的时候，也就是调用c，point的时候，我会以一个特定的参数集来调用它,然后将要发生的就是init将会被应用。
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The problem only arises if you have an int divided by an int.
这个问题只会发生在,当你用一个整型数除以一个整型数的时候。
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Pressure is when you have one of these hard spheres colliding against the wall.
这是一个小球,它与墙发生碰撞。
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So, then we go to thermodynamics and chemical equilibrium, and this is really about chemical reactions -- weather a reaction will go, will it be spontaneous, if there an equilibrium, what direction will the reaction be shifted in.
然后我们要讲到热力学和化学平衡,这都和化学反应有关，一个反应是否能发生,是不是能自发反应，如果存在化学平衡，它会朝什么方向移动。
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And theother way in the circle will never happen.
这个环中的另一个方向永远不会发生。
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Joining one of these communities has meant a real change in your life.
加入任意一个这样的共同体,意味着你的生活将发生切实的改变。
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I got a note from him and I'm still trying to figure it all out That's what happens; the system performs very well and then it becomes vulnerable.
我对他的回答做了笔记,我还在尝试把这个问题搞清楚,事情就这样发生了,一个系统本来运行良好，然后就变得很脆弱。
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But take a look at what happens when a body dies.
但谈到一个人死后身体会发生什么变化
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