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That for an ideal gas it has to be the case that there's no volume dependence of the energy.
我们可以直接推导这个结果,即证明对理想气体，内能和气体体积无关。
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You use the "who" questions to ask about subjects, to ask who the subject is of the certain action or anything really.
当你要询问主体，即某一行为或事物的主体时，你可以用“who”问句。
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The idea of risk, that economic risks can be pooled, is an intuitive one that has occurred to people throughout history.
风险理论，即认为经济风险可以分摊，是历史过程中,人们逐渐发现的理论。
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She speaks what Yeats calls in his general title for this group of poems Words for Music Perhaps.
她说的话，也即是这一组诗的名字,叫做可以配乐的诗。
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But I think you can see the big themes of the book already very present in the opening scene of the dialogue.
但我想你们已可以看出本书的大主题,在对话一开始,即非常明显地点出。
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But then, page eight, also in chapter two, he argues that it is possible for a utilitarian to distinguish higher from lower pleasures.
但在第八页，即第二章中，他提出功利主义者可以区分,高级和低级快乐。
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So even if that intimate connection gets destroyed, the person, the soul, could continue to exist.
即使灵魂与肉体之间的亲密联系被摧毁,人,即灵魂,可以继续存在
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We do encourage it, however, and in general, I find you don't have to give up that old team, you can keep your old team, even if it's teams I won't name, just keep them to the side.
我们鼓励这种做法，然后，通常我发现你们,不会放弃原来支持的球队，你们可以继续支持以前的球队，即是它我不会提到的球队，先把它们放到一边。
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And the activation in another area of the brain, the interna insula that would help us to put the oppisite choice of the bond running away from risk.
而大脑中另一区域的活动，即岛叶内部活动，可以帮助我们作出相反决策,即选择“债券“来远离风险。
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As we'll learn from Jakobson next week, literature can be understood--or what he calls the study of literature, "poetics"--can be understood as a subfield of semiotics, but semiotics is not in itself a literary theory.
下周我们学雅各布森的时候也会看到，文学可以被理解为，诗学，即符号学的一个分支，但是符号学不是文学理论。
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This is the effect that we get, I think, from reading Milton - is this notion that he seems to have had one of the largest memories imaginable and that he's remembered just about everything he's ever read.
我认为，我们从阅读弥尔顿而得到的,是这样一种说法，即他似乎,拥有我们可以想象的最大容量的记忆,他记下了所有他读过的东西。
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So this cell, wherever it's setting, wherever it is positioned within the nervous system let's say in the cortex somewhere or the outside surface of the brain is able to communicate with a region of the brain that's in this direction, a region in this direction, a region in this direction, a region in this direction.
所以这个细胞 无论它在何处,无论它在神经系统中安身何处,就比方说它位于大脑皮层上吧,即位于大脑外表面上的某处,它可以同,这一方向上的脑域进行交流,也可以是这个方向,也可以是这个方向,也可以是这个方向
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So we could write that criterion as dH less than zero.
我们可以认为dH小于零即为我们的判据。
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We said, "Let's take, for the simplest case that we can possibly imagine, namely a particle moving in one dimension along the x-axis with a constant acceleration a.
我们说过,"考虑我们可以想象的最简单的情况,即质点在一维空间运动,沿着 x 轴且保持恒定加速度 a
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lstd So this is pretty-- similarly might we say this dash L STD for standard, for Standard I/O.
同样也可以是,即标准输入输出库。
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People to this day are looking for a theory of everything. And there is something very appealing about the notion that the rules that govern the motion of heavenly bodies might be applicable down at atomic dimensions.
现在人们总想寻求一些,可以阐明一切的理论,而这里正好有一些,可以吸引这种想法的东西,即支配天体运动的规则,可能对原子的尺寸也是适用的。
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From that standpoint, from that theoretical standpoint, comes a methodological approach which is, if they're all the same then you could study human learning by studying nonhuman animals.
从这个理论观点中，可以得出一种研究方法,即，如果人类与动物并无差别,那你就能通过研究非人类动物的学习过程,来研究人类的学习过程。
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If you want a more technical term for that , and you'll remember this from economics 115 can lead to outcomes that are "Inefficient," that are "Pareto inefficient," But "Suck" Will do for today.
要是想说的更专业店,记不记得在经济学115里面说的,会导致“不充分的”结果,即"帕雷托效率",但我们今天说"糟糕"就可以了
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So what banks offer is liquidity -the ability to borrow short even though the loans that are made are long-term.
而银行就提供了流动性,即接受短期存款,但可以发放长期贷款的能力
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The mind can think about them, but justice itself--this perfect, this idea of being perfectly just-- that's something the mind can think about, but it's not here in the world.
心灵可以去设想它们,但是正义本身,即完美的正义这个理念,它是可以用心灵去把握的,尽管在现实世界里不存在
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Less light incorruptible here I take it in a kind of ordinary sense of the term less susceptible to bribery you can't bribe a lot of people in the way that you can a single individual.
较不易演变成贪腐，我对这词汇的诠释,是比较寻常的看法，即较不易受贿,你无法向众多人行贿,但你可以向单一个体为之。
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We could talk about adding up all the positive experiences along with all the-- ask yourself how many goods, how many accomplishments of the right sort were in that life?
我们可以,把积极的经历都加起来-,即把生活中的好事，以及成就加起来？
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That is, have a qualitative experience.
即,一台可以有定性体验的机器
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When you look at this theory, you realize that it suggests a very important technology for improving human welfare and by spreading risks.
这一理论，提出了一个重要的技术,即可以通过分散风险，提高收益。
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More generally speaking, we might say, they're subject to deterministic laws... that, as physical objects, it's true of them that they must do what the laws of physics and laws of nature require that they do.
我们甚至可以这样说,它们受制于决定性的法则,即,作为物理实体,它们必须按照,物理定律和自然法则的要求去做
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Why should we think there's some--Even though, normally, the barrier can be crossed and Xs can study the non-X, why should that barrier suddenly become un-crossable in the particular instance when we're dealing with Platonic forms?
为什么我们应该认为即使通常来说,那个界限是可以跨越的,即X可以研究非X,那为什么这个界限突然,在讨论柏拉图型相的时候,就变得不可逾越了呢
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I thought this would be a good lead in to the second theme of this lecture, which is framing.
我认为这可以为第二个主题,即框架效应，开个好头。
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Those are called embryonic stem cells, they are self-renewing, and they are pluripotent, meaning they have many potencies.
这些称为胚胎干细胞,它们可以自我更新,且是多能干细胞,即它们有多种潜能
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And I could go recall from right above here on the left side of your brain, right in the premium of the cortex to predict exactly that key.
我可以唤起你大脑的右侧,即大脑皮层的前部分，准确地预知到这个键盘。
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as Plato and Socrates clearly understand, a very real tendency within democracy to identify the good human being, you might say, the good sport, the regular guy, the cooperative fellow, you know, someone who goes along and gets along with others.
柏拉图和苏格拉底清楚地明白，那存在着一种很真实的倾向,在民主之中辨识出好的人性，你也许会说喜爱运动的人，好人，乐于合作的人，即可以轻易和众人,打成一片的人。
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