This sort of processing happens in the primary auditory cortex, both left and right, of the temporal lobe.

颞叶中左右两侧的初级听觉皮层,都会参与处理过程

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

But in the real world when dealing with humans, but even when dealing with animals, we don't actually always use primary reinforcers or negative reinforcers.

但当我们在现实中训练人类，甚至是训练动物时，我们实际上并不总是用到初级强化物,或是负强化物。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

No longer able to step back from the first order pleasure.

无法从初级快乐中抽身而出。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选