Now, one of the great hopes of modern biology is that we can figure out how to reverse that process in cells.

如今,现代生物学的一个最大希望,就是希望能够,发现逆转分化过程的方法

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You're in the process of becoming more mature, more differentiated and you're losing potential at the same time.

你正在成熟的过程中,分化得更加彻底,同时也失去了一些潜能

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It happens through a very regulated, coordinated slow process of what is called differentiation.

这是通过一种严格协调调控的过程完成的,这个过程我们称为细胞分化

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In that process, cells become different in ways that appear to be highly organized.

这个过程中,细胞通过某种高度有序的方式进行分化

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The general word for that process of making differences between cells is differentiation.

一言以蔽之,细胞之间产生差异的过程称为分化

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It goes - going through this process of amplifying divisions, every division increasing the number of cells by a factor of two and these cells becoming more differentiated around the way.

它经历了一系列扩增性的分裂过程,每次分化,细胞数目都翻一番,而在此过程中细胞分化得更成熟

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What is actually changing during this process of differentiation?

分化的过程中,实际发生了哪些变化

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That process of maturation is called differentiation.

这种细胞成熟的过程称为分化

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Maybe by the different branching patterns that these processes had, or how many processes were on a different kind of neuron, you'd be able to tell something about its function and probably something about where it came from.

通过辨识分化过程中的,不同突起的分支模式,或是不同神经元各异的突起数目,也许你也能分辨出这一细胞的功能,或许还有它的由来

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The same thing with these cells here, as these cells undergo continual divisions, they're changing in ways that make them mature, that make them more like the mature cells of the nervous system, for example, if that's where they end up being but they're losing potential as they go through that differentiation process.

细胞也是这样,在连续分裂的过程中,它们愈发成熟,比如说,变得越来越像,神经系统细胞,如果它们最终将构成神经系统的话,那它们在分化的过程中,就失去了许多潜能

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All of the cells that are reproduced during development are the same in certain ways, they contain the same DNA, they're all progeny of the same fertilized egg, but differences are acquired within specific cell populations during the process of development.

所有在发育过程中繁殖的细胞,在某些方面都是一样的,它们都有相同的DNA,都是同一个受精卵的后代,但是分化是在特定细胞类群,发育过程中必不可少的

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