They're ready to rapidly differentiate into antibody producing cells and they're waiting for that second signal to come.

并可以迅速分化为,抗体分泌细胞,记忆细胞在等待第二次信号的到来

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

When cells become more like cells of the mature brain they're said to differentiate into brain cells.

当细胞变得越来越像成熟的脑细胞的时候,我们就称其为分化成了脑细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

When they become more like the liver, they differentiate into liver cells.

当细胞变得越来越像肝细胞的时候,我们就称其为分化成了肝细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, these memory cells are a way that your immune system keeps track of antigens that it's been exposed to for even if maybe the plasma cells that were producing antibody in response to the initial exposure have died and disappeared.

所以,这些记忆细胞,是人体免疫系统记忆抗原的一种方法,即使由浆细胞产生的抗体,在初次免疫应答中全部被消灭,记忆细胞仍然能迅速分化为抗体分泌细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Those B-cells also mature, they differentiate and that's what's shown on this slide here is the differentiation of those immature B-cells into mature B-cells.

这些B细胞也会变成熟,并且进行分化,这都展示在幻灯片上了,未成熟的B细胞分化为成熟的B细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

That's shown here, a B-cell gets stimulated, matures into an antibody producing factory.

这里展示的是,当一个B细胞被激活,分化成熟为一个生成抗体的工厂

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选